sab

…Courts were established in the central and local areas, and the central court was presided over by the vizier ṯat as the king's representative, while the local courts in each province were presided over by the governors of the provinces. The judicial procedures were not much different from those in Mesopotamia, and it seems that people of relatively high social status were appointed as judges sab, and that decisions were made according to custom and based on justice (maat), but not much can be known concretely from existing historical sources. Literature such as the Book of the Dead and The Tale of the Eloquent Peasant may be useful references for understanding the nature of trials. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "sab" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…裁判所は中央と地方に設けられ，中央の大裁判所は王の代理人として宰相ṯatが，各州にある地方裁判所は，州長官が司宰した。裁判の手続はメソポタミアと大差ないもので，比較的社会的地位の高い者が裁判官sabに任官し，正義(マアト)を基調にして慣習によって裁定を下したようであるが，現存の史料からは具体的に多くを知ることはできない。〈死者の書〉や《雄弁な農夫の物語》等の文学は裁判のありさまを知る参考になるかもしれない。…

※「sab」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報