Otsudo - Otsudo

Japanese: 越度 - おつど

〘noun〙① In the ritsuryo system, breaking the three checkpoints of Suzuka, Fuwa, Awatari and other checkpoints. Passing without a pass and without going through the checkpoints. Penalized. Oops. ※Ritsu (718) Weikin "Those who cross the border are punished with _{_{_fines}} . If they do _not _{cross the border} , they will be _punished ." ② To break the law. Also, negligence. Mistake. Oversight. Oversight . ※Shakushi Orai (late 12th century) March Day "The _nature of _{fools and} fools is encouraged. If it is difficult to _escape , the _fear of _{crossing the border} is greater." ※Kontemutsumunchi ( 1610 ) "It is better not to say anything at all than to have someone speak out and demand your return." ③ In the Edo period, a note on a summons written on the back of a complaint. It said that if one did not appear on the specified date, they would be summoned. This was used for summonses for samurai, monks, and priests, while for farmers and townspeople, the word " kusegoto" was used. *Ukai Sajuro's Plea for Justice - Shimoda Residence Diary (1849) (Kojiki Ruien, Law 56) "The matter of endorsing the petition (omitted): If _{the other} party is a _Shinto priest or temple, a letter stating _{"It is permissible} to summon them" is sent."

Ochi-do- ochi... [Over-degree/Falling degree ]

〘noun〙 A mistake. An oversight. A fault. ※From the Kotohira Honpōgen (around 1220): “Tametomo lived in Chinsei and had not seen anyone until now, which is why he was a 'Ochido'. ” ※Nippo Jisho (1603-04): “Otsudo. Or, vochido (Ochido) . Norio koyuru〈translation〉 A mistake or a crime.” ※Botchan (1906), from Natsume Soseki, Vol. 5: “If I say anything, it will be my fault.” [Essay history] In the past, it was written as 'Ochido' and is thought to have been pronounced 'Oddo', 'Ochido', or 'Otsudo'. "Otsudo" originally meant the crime of crossing a checkpoint without a permit, like "Otsudo (crossing) ① ", but as the checkpoint system weakened in the Middle Ages, "do" came to be understood as a rule, and as the Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary states, it went from meaning "to cross the line" (a crime or illegality) to meaning negligence or oversight. In the early modern period, the spelling "rakudo" also appeared, and in the Meiji period, "rakudo" meaning negligence became common.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 令制において、鈴鹿、不破、愛発の三関およびその他の関所を破ること。通行許可証を持たず、関門を経ないで通過すること。罪科に処せられた。おっと。※律（718）衛禁「越度者、各加_二一等_一。不_レ由_レ門_レ為_レ越」② 法に反すること。また、過失。あやまち。手落ち。落度(おちど)。※釈氏往来（１２Ｃ後）三月日「縦励_二魯愚之性_一。難_レ遁_二越度之恐_一」※こんてむつすむん地（1610）一「物がたりしてをつどあらんよりは、まったくいはざるはなをやすき事なり」③ 江戸時代、目安(めやす)（=訴状）の裏に書かれた召喚状の書止(かきとめ)。指定の期日に出頭しない場合は越度になると書かれていた。武士、僧侶、神官などの召喚状に用いられ、これに対し、百姓、町人の場合は曲事(くせごと)の語が用いられた。※鵜飼左十郎窺御儀定‐下田在勤中日記（1849）（古事類苑・法律五六）「一訴状裏書之事〈略〉相手に神主寺院等加り候節は、可_レ為_二越度_一者也と申文言之差紙遣候由に候得ば」

おち‐どヲチ‥【越度・落おち度】

〘名〙あやまち。手落ち。過失。おつど。※金刀比羅本保元（1220頃か）中「為朝鎮西には居住して、今迄各を見知ざりけるこそ越度(ヲチド)なれ」※日葡辞書（1603‐04）「ヲツド。または、vochido(ヲチド)。ノリヲコユル〈訳〉あやまち、または罪悪」※坊っちゃん（1906）〈夏目漱石〉五「言ふと此方(こっち)の落度になる」[語誌]古くは「越度」と書かれ、ヲッドまたはヲチド、ヲツドとよまれたと思われる。「越度」は元来「おつど（越度）①」のような許可証なしに関所を越え度(わた)る関所破りの罪であるが、中世には関所の制が衰える一方、「度」が規則と解せられ、日葡辞書のように「のりをこゆる」罪悪、違法の意から更に過失、手落ちをいうようになった。近世には「落度」の表記も見え、明治になって過失の「落度」が一般化した。

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