Schutzbund

… After the war, the Republic of Austria also faced economic difficulties, including food shortages, and with the establishment of dictatorships in Italy and Germany, the conflict between the Social Democrats and the bourgeoisie intensified. Two armed groups, the Schutzbund (Defense League), which was mainly made up of Social Democratic workers, and the Heimwehr (National Guard), which was made up of citizens and farmers, came into conflict, and on February 12, 1934, the Schutzbund rose up in revolt, centered in Vienna. The uprising was put down by the military, and as a result many were imprisoned, some were sentenced to death, and some fled to the Soviet Union under Stalin's regime and were executed. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Schutzbund" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　オーストリア共和国もまた戦後，食糧難をはじめとする経済的困難に直面し，さらにはイタリア，ドイツに独裁政権ができたためもあって，社会民主主義者とブルジョア層の対立が重大化した。社会民主党系の労働者を主体とする防衛同盟Schutzbundと，市民･農民からなる護国軍Heimwehrという二つの武装集団が対立し，とくに34年2月12日にはウィーンを中心に防衛同盟が蜂起した。蜂起は軍によって鎮圧され，その結果多くの者は投獄され，死刑判決を受ける者もあり，またスターリン体制下のソ連へ逃げて処分された者もいた。…

※「Schutzbund」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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