Social Security Act

Japanese: Social Security Act(英語表記)SocialSecurityAct
Social Security Act

…Such social enterprises would eventually transform into social welfare as part of a system to guarantee the right to life for the general public. Important events in this process were World War I, the Russian Revolution, the Great Depression that began in 1929, and World War II. World War I and the Russian Revolution were the catalysts for the establishment of various policies to promote the political and economic equality of workers, including the Weimar Constitution, the world's first constitution to include provisions on the right to life for citizens. The Great Depression also brought about the enactment of the Social Security Act (USA) in 1935, the first law to bear the name "social security." World War II was the catalyst for the creation of the Beveridge Committee Report (Beveridge Report), which became the blueprint for welfare state policy in the UK. …

From [Social Security]


[The History of Social Security: Two Lineages]
Social security is a public system that has been formed and developed historically, and not only has the process of development differed from country to country, but even within a single country, its form and function change over time. The term social security was first used officially in the Social Security Act (1935), which was enacted in the United States as part of the New Deal policy, followed by New Zealand's Social Security Act (1938). However, it was after World War II that social security was realized as a comprehensive system of livelihood security based on the right to life, and it was the Beveridge Report of 1942 that had a decisive influence on the development of this system.

*Some explanations of terms that refer to the Social Security Act are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… このような社会事業は,やがて国民一般を対象とする生存権保障制度の一環としての社会福祉へ脱皮することになるが,その過程において重要な契機を与えたのは第1次大戦とロシア革命,1929年に始まる大恐慌,そして第2次世界大戦であった。第1次世界大戦とロシア革命は国民の生存権に関する規定をもつ世界最初の憲法であるワイマール憲法をはじめとして労働者の政治的経済的同権化を推進する諸施策を成立させる契機となり,大恐慌はこれまた世界で最初に社会保障という名称を冠した社会保障法Social Security Act(アメリカ)の制定(1935)をもたらした。第2次世界大戦は,イギリスにおける福祉国家政策の青写真となったベバリッジ委員会報告(ベバリッジ報告)を生み出す契機となった。…

【社会保障】より


【社会保障の歴史――二つの系譜】
 社会保障は歴史的に形成され,生成発展してきた公的制度であり,国によって展開の過程がそれぞれ異なっているばかりでなく,一つの国においても時代とともにその形態や機能が変化している。社会保障という用語がはじめて公的に用いられたのは,ニューディール政策の一環としてアメリカで成立した社会保障法Social Security Act(1935)においてであり,ニュージーランドの社会保障法(1938)がこれに次いでいる。しかし,社会保障が生存権にもとづく生活保障の包括的な制度として具体化されたのは第2次大戦後のことであるが,このような制度の展開に決定的な影響を与えたのは1942年のベバリッジ報告である。…

※「Social Security Act」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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