…He then considered the question of how various emotions affect an individual and make him a member of a harmonious social group. He introduced the concept of spectators to explain that, first, real external spectators influence an individual's behavior, then the internal spectator predicts the reaction of the actual external spectators, and finally the disinterested spectator within oneself allows one to make moral decisions according to one's conscience. He characterized this psychological process as the concept of sympathy, and argued that it is essential for the creation and maintenance of stable social groups. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "spectators" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…そして,さまざまな感情が個人にどう働きかけ,彼を調和ある社会集団の一員とするのかという問題を考えた。その際〈見物人spectators〉という概念を導入して,まず外部にいる現実の〈見物人〉が個人の行動に影響を与えること,次に内なる〈見物人〉が実際の外部の〈見物人〉の反応を予測すること,そして自分自身の中の〈公平無私なる見物人〉が良心に従った道徳的判断を選ばせること,などを説明する。このような心理過程を〈同感〉という概念で特徴づけ,それが安定的な社会集団の生成と維持にとって欠かせないものだと論じている。… ※「spectators」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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