Tadamasa Oguri

Japanese: 小栗忠順 - おぐり・ただまさ

Year of death: 27 May 1868 (Meiji 1, leap year 4, 6)
Year of birth: Bunsei 10 (1827)
A shogunate official in the late Edo period. He inherited the family headship in 1855 (Ansei 2), was appointed as metsuke in September of the same year, and was appointed to inspect the mission sent to the United States for the ratification and exchange of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan. He departed Yokohama in January of the following year and returned to Japan in September. In November of the same year he was appointed as foreign affairs magistrate, and in May of the following year, 1861 (Bunkyu 1), he went to Tsushima when the Russian ship occupied the island, but gave up on resolving the matter on the spot and returned to the capital, resigning in July. In June of the same year he was appointed as finance magistrate. He resisted the movement to unite the Imperial Court and the Shogunate and the movement to revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians, seeing them as interference in the shogunate government by the Imperial Court and powerful clans, and criticized the leadership of the shogunate government by Tokugawa Yoshinobu and Matsudaira Yoshinaga, resigning in April of the following year. In August of 1864 (Genji 1), he was reinstated as finance magistrate, then as warship magistrate, and in February of the following year he was dismissed, but in May of the same year he was reinstated as finance magistrate for a third time. Together with Kurimoto Soun, and receiving advice and assistance from French envoy Roches, he began construction of military facilities such as the Yokosuka Ironworks, and also embarked on military reforms to strengthen the Shogunate's military power. In October 1867 (Keio 3), upon hearing news of the restoration of imperial rule, he opposed it, demonstrating his stance of military confrontation with the anti-Shogunate clans, and burned down the Satsuma clan's residence in Edo. In the following year (1868) (Meiji 1), when Tokugawa Yoshinobu returned to Edo after being defeated in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he proposed a war front. Instead, he was shunned, and in March of the same year he was living in Gondamura village in Kozuke province, his fief, until he was captured and killed by the Tosando vanguard of the Government-General's troops in April of the same year. Katsu Kaishu, a political enemy, described him as "a Tokugawa samurai with superior energy, a wealth of strategies, a general understanding of the world situation, and unrivalled loyalty... he possessed both the strengths and weaknesses of the Mikawa samurai." <References> Shin Ninagawa, "Political Struggles Before and After the Meiji Restoration and the Death of Ogura Ueno"

(Inoue Isao)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：明治1.閏4.6(1868.5.27)
生年：文政10(1827)
幕末の幕府官僚。安政2(1855)年家督相続,同6年9月目付に登用され,日米修好通商条約批准交換の遣米使節監察に任命され,翌年1月横浜を出航し9月帰国した。同年11月外国奉行,翌文久1(1861)年5月ロシア艦対馬占拠事件の発生で同地に赴いたが現地解決を断念し帰府,7月辞職。同2年6月勘定奉行。公武合体運動,尊王攘夷運動を朝廷,雄藩による幕政介入とみて抵抗,徳川慶喜,松平慶永の幕政指導を批判し翌3年4月辞職。元治1(1864)年8月勘定奉行に復職,次いで軍艦奉行,翌年2月罷免されたが同年5月勘定奉行に3度目の復職。栗本鋤雲と共にフランス公使ロッシュの助言と援助を受けつつ,横須賀製鉄所など軍事施設の建設を開始,また軍制改革に着手して幕府軍事力の増強を図る。慶応3(1867)年10月大政奉還の報に接しこれに反対,討幕派諸藩との軍事対決の姿勢を示し江戸薩摩藩邸焼打ちを実行,翌明治1(1868)年鳥羽・伏見の戦で敗北した徳川慶喜が江戸に帰るや主戦論を建議。かえって遠ざけられ同年3月知行地の上野国権田村に居住,閏4月東山道先鋒総督府軍に捕らえられ斬られた。「精力が人にすぐれて計略に富み,世界の大勢にもほぼ通じて,しかも誠忠無二の徳川武士,……三河武士の長所と短所とを両方備えておったのよ」とは政敵だった勝海舟の評。<参考文献>蜷川新『維新前後の政争と小栗上野の死』

(井上勲)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

<<: Oak Ridge

>>: Oguri Sotan