A right-wing national socialist party presided over by Nakano Seigo. It was first established as an ideological group in 1933 (Showa 8), but was reorganized as a political association in 1936. It went through several changes, becoming the ideological group Shintosha, the political association Tohokai, and the ideological group Toho Doshikai. The five articles of the 1936 platform stated, "In accordance with totalitarianism, we must abolish class privileges and eliminate class struggle." There was a time when the party campaigned in Nazi-style uniforms, targeting workers, farmers, and small and medium-sized business owners. In October 1943, over 100 members of both the Toho Doshikai and the "Loyalty to the Emperor Makoto Musubi" were arrested for plotting disturbances, and Nakano's suicide dealt a devastating blow. On March 23, 1944, the Toho Doshikai was dissolved, but was briefly revived as Tohokai after Japan's defeat in the war. Members of the group included Takeo Mitamura, Takeo Kimura, and Kazuma Shindo. [Tatsuzo Ohno] "Yamamoto Hikosuke, 'Theories and Policies of Nationalist Groups' (included in the 'Special Collection of Materials on Thought' No. 84, 1941, Criminal Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Justice / 'Modern History Materials 23, Nationalist Movement 3,' 1974, Misuzu Shobo)" [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中野正剛(せいごう)が主宰した国家社会主義系右翼政党。最初は1933年(昭和8)に思想団体として発足したが、36年政治結社に改組。さらに思想団体振東社、政治結社東方会、思想団体東方同志会と二転三転した。36年の綱領五条は、「全体主義に則(のっと)り、階級的特権を廃し階級闘争を排除すべし」とある。労働者、農民、中小企業者などを組織対象に、ナチスばりの制服で運動した時期もあった。43年10月東方同志会と「勤王まことむすび」の両会に不穏計画ありとして、両団体で100余名逮捕され、中野の自殺で壊滅的打撃を受けた。44年3月23日に東方同志会は解散したが、敗戦後一時東方会として復活したこともある。同人に三田村武夫、木村武雄、進藤一馬(しんどうかずま)などがいた。 [大野達三] 『山本彦助著『国家主義団体の理論と政策』(『思想研究資料特輯』第84号所収・1941・司法省刑事局/『現代史資料23 国家主義運動3』所収・1974・みすず書房)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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