Maesta

Japanese: Maesta
Maesta

…These Eastern prototypes were introduced to Western Europe, where in the Romanesque period they were represented as wooden devotional figures such as the "Seat of Sophia," and in the Gothic period elegant standing figures of the Virgin Mary, which continued the tradition of the Hodegetria type, adorned many churches (e.g., the north transept of Notre Dame de Paris, c. 1250). At the end of the Middle Ages, a new flourishing occurred, centered on Siena, Italy, where monumental representations such as the "Maesta" (by Giotto, Uffizi Gallery, Florence, c. 1310, etc.) became more common, while more humanistic depictions of mother and child, such as the "Madonna Breastfeeding" and "Madonna of Humility," gradually became dominant (e.g., Ambrogio Lorenzetti, San Francesco, Siena, c. 1330, etc.). This trend developed further north in Flanders and Germany. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Maesta" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これら東方の原型は西ヨーロッパに導入され,ロマネスク期には木彫の礼拝座像の《上智の座》として表され,ゴシック期にはホデゲトリア型の伝統を継ぐ優美な聖母立像が多くの教会堂を飾った(パリのノートル・ダム大聖堂北袖廊正面,1250ころ,など)。中世末,イタリアのシエナを中心に新たな興隆が生じ,《荘厳像(マエスタMaesta)》などモニュメンタルな表現(ジョット作,フィレンツェのウフィツィ美術館,1310ころ,など)の一方,《授乳の聖母》《謙遜の聖母》などの,より人間的情感的な母子表現がしだいに優勢となった(アンブロージョ・ロレンツェッティ作,シエナのサン・フランチェスコ教会,1330ころ,など)。この傾向はさらに北方のフランドル,ドイツで発展をみた。…

※「Maesta」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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