…Furthermore, Johann Martin Schleyer (1831-1912) proposed a philosophical language in Volapük (1878), which included innovative ideas such as using the alphabet as the “true characters” (Figure 1). Since all of the above examples were new proposals that did not start from existing languages, they are generally called “a priori languages” and are distinguished from “a posteriori languages” such as Esperanto, which are improvements on natural languages. The proportion of a posteriori languages among artificial language proposals increased after the 19th century, and many “improvements of Latin” that prioritized ease of learning over unusual ideas (Figure 2) began to appear. … *Some terminology explanations that mention "a priori language" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…さらに哲学的言語の提案としてはシュライヤーJohann Martin Schleyer(1831‐1912)による〈ボラピュクVolapük〉(1878)があり,〈真の文字〉にアルファベットを流用するなど斬新なアイデアが盛られた(図1)。 以上述べた例はいずれも既成言語から出発しない新しい提案だったため,一般に〈先験語a priori language〉と呼ばれ,自然言語を改良したエスペラントなどの〈後験語a posteriori language〉とは区別される。人工言語案のうち後験語の比重が重くなるのは19世紀以後で,とっぴな着想(図2)よりも修得の容易さを優先させた〈ラテン語改良案〉の類が多数現れだした。… ※「a priori language」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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