Talisman

…Examples seen in modern Japan include omamori (amulet) worn on cars or for traffic safety or academic success, ofuda (charms) attached to pillars or gates of houses, and maneki-neko (beckoning cats) placed in houses and shops that cater to customers. Some scholars distinguish between amulets, which are preventive talismans that ward off misfortune, and talisman, which are proactive talismans that ward off misfortune that has already occurred and bring good fortune, but the distinction between the two is not always clear, and many things contain both meanings. Talismans and talismans are found in some form in almost all societies. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "talisman" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…現代の日本でみられる例には，自動車や身につける交通安全や学業成就などの〈御守（おまもり）〉や家の柱･門などにはり付ける〈御札（おふだ）〉，客商売の家や店に置く〈招き猫〉などがある。災いを未然に避ける予防的な護符amuletと，すでに被っている災厄を除き福を招く積極的な呪符talismanを区別する学者もいるが，両者の区別は必ずしも明確でなく，両者の意味をともに含むものも多い。護符や呪符は，なんらかの形でほとんどすべての社会にみられる。…

※「talisman」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報