…Deformation does not return to its original state because atoms are reconnected, and dislocations are responsible for this. The concept of dislocations dates back to around 1900, but their importance as a factor in plastic deformation was recognized and they were introduced in their modern form in 1934 through the research of British Geoffrey Ingram Taylor and others. In a perfect crystal, atoms are regularly arranged as shown in Figure 1-a, but this is an ideal case, and various kinds of disturbances in the arrangement (lattice defects) exist in real crystals. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Taylor, GI" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…変形が元に戻らないのは,原子のつなぎかえが起きることによるものであるが,これにあずかるのが転位である。転位の概念の萌芽は1900年ころまでさかのぼることができるが,塑性変形を担うものとしてその重要性が認識され,近代的な形で導入されたのは,1934年イギリスのテーラーGeoffrey Ingram Taylorらの研究によってである。 完全な結晶の中では原子は図1-aのように規則正しく並んでいるが,これはあくまで理想的な場合であって,実際の結晶の中には,種々の並び方の乱れ(格子欠陥)が存在する。… ※「Taylor,G.I.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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