...On the other hand, during the 19th century, the region was the center of Iran's foreign trade with Europe and Russia, with Tabriz, the region's capital, as a transit point, and was the first to be hit by the "Western shock." During the period of the Tobacco Boycott Movement (1891-92) and the Iranian Constitutional Revolution (1905-11), the region became the base of the Iranian national liberation struggle and constitutional struggle. In 1920, the Tabriz Democratic Party, led by Sheykh Moḥammad Kheyābānī (1880-1920), established the "Azadistan Republic," and in 1945, the government of the "Azerbaijan Autonomous Republic" was established with Seyyed Ja'far Pishevarī (?-1947 or 1948) as its head. These movements were not simply separatist movements, but were strongly critical of the central government, which had become a puppet of the great powers, and so they must be evaluated as having played an important role in the history of Iran's national liberation struggle. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Kheyābānī, SM" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…一方,19世紀を通じて,同地方の中心都市タブリーズを中継地点とする対ヨーロッパ,対ロシア貿易がイランの対外貿易の中心をなしたこともあって,最も早く〈西欧の衝撃〉を被った同地方は,タバコ・ボイコット運動(1891‐92)およびイラン立憲革命(1905‐11)の時期には,イランの民族解放闘争・立憲闘争の拠点となった。さらに,1920年にはヘヤーバーニーSheykh Moḥammad Kheyābānī(1880‐1920)を党首とするタブリーズ民主党による〈アーザーディースターン共和国〉が成立し,45年にはピーシェバリーSeyyed Ja‘far Pīshevarī(?‐1947か48)を首班とする〈アゼルバイジャン自治共和国〉政府が樹立された。これらの運動は単なる分離運動としてではなく,いずれも列強のかいらいと化した中央政府に対する批判的性格を色濃く帯びている点で,イランの民族解放闘争史上重要な役割を担ったことが評価されねばならない。… ※「Kheyābānī,S.M.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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