intron

Japanese: intron
intron

...It was also discovered that within a gene, there are DNA segments that are removed by intramolecular recombination prior to transcription, and DNA segments that correspond to RNA segments that are removed from RNA molecules prior to translation. Such DNA segments that are not involved in translation within the structural gene region are called introns or intervening sequences. In contrast, DNA segments that are involved in translation are called exons. ...

From [Genetic Information]

…In eukaryotes, each gene is generally transcribed as a separate unit, and the following features are not seen in prokaryotes: Many eukaryotic protein genes contain extra base sequences (intervening sequences, introns) that are not translated into proteins. Therefore, the RNA molecule immediately after transcription in the nucleus (heterogeneous nucleus) also contains extra base sequences between the information that specifies the amino acid sequence, and in its original form does not contain the information for the desired protein. …

From [DNA]

… In contrast, in the transcription of eukaryotic DNA, one mRNA is usually synthesized for each gene. In addition, a base sequence (called an intron) is inserted between the base sequences (called exons) that correspond to the amino acid sequence of a protein. The introns are copied into the mRNA along with the exons, but are then cut off when the mRNA matures. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "intron" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…また,一つの遺伝子の領域内に,転写に先立ってDNA分子内組換えによって除去されてしまうDNA部分や,翻訳に先立ってRNA分子から除去されるRNA部分に対応するDNA部分が存在することもわかった。構造遺伝子の領域内にあって翻訳に関与しないこのようなDNA部分をイントロンintronまたは介在配列とよぶ。これに対し,翻訳にあずかるDNA部分をエクソンexonという。…

【遺伝情報】より

…真核生物の場合,それぞれの遺伝子が別個の単位として転写されるのが一般的であり,原核生物には見られない以下の特徴も存在する。真核生物の多くのタンパク質の遺伝子の内部には,タンパク質に翻訳されることのない余分な塩基配列(介在配列,イントロンintron)が入り込んでいる。したがって核内で転写された直後のRNA分子(heterogeneous nuclear)にも,アミノ酸配列を指定する情報の間に余分な塩基配列が割り込んでおり,そのままの形では目的とするタンパク質の情報にはなっていない。…

【DNA】より

… これに対し真核生物DNAの転写では,ふつう一つの遺伝子に対して1本のmRNAが合成される。また,一つのタンパク質のアミノ酸配列に対応する塩基配列(エクソンexonと呼ばれる)の間に別の塩基配列(イントロンintronと呼ばれる)が挿入されている。イントロンはエクソンとともにmRNAに写されるが,その後,mRNAが熟成するときに切り捨てられる。…

※「intron」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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