...Erosion control dams are built to block and store large amounts of sediment that run off from barren mountain areas, but they also help to prevent scouring erosion of river valleys by making the riverbed slope gentler. From a structural standpoint, dams are divided into movable dams, in which most of the dam is made up of movable structures such as gates (sluice gates) for releasing stored water, and fixed dams, in which the main part of the dam body cannot be moved, but most dams are fixed dams. Among fixed dams, those that are designed to allow water to overflow by installing gates on the top of the dam are called overflow dams, and those that are not designed to allow water to overflow are called non-overflow dams. *Some of the terminology used to refer to "movable dams" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…砂防ダムは,荒れた山地から流出する多量の土砂をせき止め蓄えるためにつくられるが,これはまた河床こう配を緩くして河谷の洗掘浸食を防止するのにも役だつ。 構造面からは,ダムの大部分が貯水を放流するためのゲート(水門扉)のように動かしうる構造物で占められる可動ダムと,ダム本体の主要部分が動かすことのできない固定ダムとに分けられるが,ほとんどのダムが固定ダムである。固定ダムのうち,堤頂にゲートを取り付けたりして水を越流させるようになっているものを越流ダム,越流させるように設計されていないものを非越流ダムという。… ※「可動ダム」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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