House of Commons

Japanese: House of Commons（英語表記）HouseofCommons

…But for the next few centuries, it remained an unstable quasi-judicial consultative body that could be convened or ignored according to the king's convenience, and attendance was more of a politically dangerous and financially burdensome obligation than a right of subjects. In the 16th century, however, the importance and popularity of the House of Commons, which had superior power to approve financial burdens, increased due to the fact that parliament as a legislative body rather than a judicial body was found to be more useful for governing the state, and subjects became increasingly concerned about the expansion of the royal finances. After the Glorious Revolution, the risk of the king's infringement of parliamentary power was legally suppressed, and regular meetings of parliament became customary to approve the financing of the long continental wars started by William III, and as a result, the House of Commons was established as a powerful governing body superior to the House of Lords. …

From the House of Representatives

...It is usually composed of elected representatives who represent the interests of all citizens, has a shorter term of office than the Senate, and often has a system in place to dissolve the House of Representatives to reexamine public opinion. The House of Representatives in Japan, the House of Commons in the UK, the House of Representatives in the US, the National Assembly in France, and the Bundestag in Germany are examples of lower houses. As democratization progressed, the balance of power within parliaments gradually shifted in favor of the lower house. ...

*Some of the terminology that refers to "House of Commons" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…しかし以後数世紀間は，国王の都合しだいで召集されたり存在を無視されたりする不安定な準司法的諮問体にとどまり，議会出席は臣下の権利というより，政治的に危険で財政的にやっかいな義務に近かった。しかし16世紀に入り，司法体としてよりも立法機関としての議会に国家統治上の効用が見いだされたことや，王室財政の膨張に対する臣民の関心が強まったことなどの事情から，財政負担承認に優越的権能をもつ下院(庶民院House of Commons)の重要性と人気が高まった。　〈名誉革命〉後，王権による議会権能侵犯の危険が法的に抑制されたのに加え，ウィリアム3世の始めた長期にわたる大陸戦争の戦費調達を承認するため，定期的な議会開催が慣例となった結果，下院は上院(貴族院House of Lords)を凌ぐ有力な統治機関として確立された。…

【下院】より

…通常，全国民の利益を代表する民選議員によって組織され，上院に比して任期が短く，多くの場合，解散によって民意を問い直す制度を備えている。日本の衆議院，イギリスの庶民院House of Commons，アメリカの代議院House of Representatives，フランスの国民議会Assemblée nationale，ドイツの連邦議会Bundestagが下院に該当する。民主化が進むとともに，議会内での勢力関係はしだいに下院を優越させる方向へ変化した。…

※「House of Commons」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: House of correction

>>: house mosquito