Hiraṇya-garbha (English spelling)

Japanese: Hiraṇya-garbha(英語表記)Hiranyagarbha
Hiraṇya-garbha (English spelling)

…The Rig-Veda also contains some creation myths. One theory states that the deities Brahmanaspati (Brihaspati) or Visvakarman (Vishukarma) are the creators of all things, and another theory states that the creator god emerged as a golden fetus (Hiraṇya-garbha) contained in the primeval waters of the primordial sea. There is also a theory, which is common to the myths of the dismemberment of giants found among various peoples, that the gods performed a ritual using the primordial man Puruṣa, who is the embodiment of all things, as a sacrificial animal to create the various worlds.

From the Rig Bede

...Not satisfied with this chaotic world of polytheism, there was a gradually growing tendency to seek out the one and only supreme God and the fundamental principles of the creation of the universe, and in the most recent layer, Volume 10 of the Rig Veda, there are several so-called philosophical hymns which preach the creation of the universe from one absolute being. These include the Song of Hiraṇya-garbha (Vol. 10, No. 121), which describes the creation of the universe from a golden fetus, and the Puruṣa-sūkta (Vol. 10, No. 90), which says that all things were generated from the various parts of the body of Puruṣa (the original human). Among these, the Nāsadīya-sūkta (Vol. 10, No. 129), which says that the entire universe developed from the neutral principle, the One, tad ekam, represents the culmination of the Rig-Veda's search for the Absolute, or philosophical thought. This tendency in the later period of the Rig-Veda was the beginning of the monistic or monotheistic trend that came to dominate Indian thought, including the idea of ​​the oneness of Brahman and Atman in the Upanishads.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Hiraṇya-garbha" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…《リグ・ベーダ》にはまた若干の創造神話が見られる。祈禱主神ブラフマナスパティ(ブリハスパティ)とかビシュバカルマン(毘首羯磨)を万物の創造者とする説や,創造神が黄金の胎児(ヒラニヤ・ガルバHiraṇya‐garbha)として太初の原水の中にはらまれて出現したとする説がある。また,神々が万有そのものである原人プルシャPuruṣaを犠牲獣として祭祀を実行し,もろもろの世界を形成したという,諸民族の間に見られる巨人解体神話と共通な説もある。…

【リグ・ベーダ】より

…このような雑然とした多神教の世界に飽き足らず,唯一絶対の最高神,宇宙創造の根本原理を探究しようとする傾向がしだいに強まり,《リグ・ベーダ》の最新層である第10巻には,唯一の絶対者からの宇宙創造を説く,いわゆる哲学的賛歌が数編認められる。黄金の胎児からの宇宙創造を説く〈ヒラニヤ・ガルバHiraṇya‐garbhaの歌〉(10巻121編),プルシャPuruṣa(原人)の身体各部分から万物が生成されたとする〈プルシャ・スークタPuruṣa‐sūkta〉(10巻90編)などがそれであるが,なかでも,中性的原理である〈かの唯一なるものtad ekam〉から全宇宙が展開したと語る〈ナーサディーヤ・スークタNāsadīya‐sūkta〉(10巻129編)は,《リグ・ベーダ》における絶対者の探究,いわゆる哲学的思索の最高潮を示している。このような《リグ・ベーダ》後期の傾向は,のちのウパニシャッドにおける梵我一如の思想をはじめ,インド思想の大勢を支配することとなった一元論的あるいは一神論的思潮の萌芽となった。…

※「Hiraṇya-garbha」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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