…The Buddhism of this period is called Hinayana Buddhism, and is comparable to the Christian scholastic philosophy of the Middle Ages in the West. In Sanskrit it is called Hīnayāna (meaning "small vehicle"), but "Hinayana" is a derogatory term from Mahāyana Buddhism and is not an honest term. It is also called Hinayana Buddhism or Abhidharma Buddhism. … From Mahayana Buddhism...These are scriptures such as the Prajnaparamita Sutra, the Lotus Sutra, the Avatamsaka Sutra, and the Amitabha Sutra. In these scriptures, they called their new Buddhist movement Mahayana (Mahayana), meaning a large vehicle that aims to save all people, and they denigrated the traditional old Buddhism as Hinayana (Hinayana), meaning a small vehicle only for a limited number of monks. What is noteworthy is that they strongly emphasized the worship of scriptures, which was not seen in the old Buddhist scriptures, saying that "even the four-line poems of this scripture will bring great merit if you accept, recite, explain, and even copy them." *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Hinayana" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この時代の仏教を小乗仏教といい,西洋中世のキリスト教のスコラ哲学に比肩される。サンスクリットでヒーナヤーナHīnayāna(〈小さな乗物〉の意)というが,〈小乗〉とは大乗仏教からの貶称であり公平な呼称ではない。部派仏教ともアビダルマ仏教ともいわれる。… 【大乗仏教】より…《般若経》《法華経》《華厳経》《阿弥陀経》などの経典群である。これらの経典のなかで,彼らは自らの新しい仏教運動を,〈あらゆる人々の救いをめざす大きな乗り物〉という意味をこめて〈大乗〉(マハーヤーナMahāyāna)と称し,従来の旧仏教を〈限られた出家者だけの小さな乗物〉という意味で〈小乗〉(ヒーナヤーナHīnayāna)と貶称した。注目すべきは,〈この経典の四行詩でも,受持・読誦(どくじゆ)・解説(げせつ)し,さらに書写すれば非常な功徳がある〉という旧仏典には見られなかった〈経典崇拝〉を強く打ち出していることである。… ※「Hīnayāna」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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