...The heyday of American structural linguistics, led by the followers of L. Bloomfield, was about 20 years from the late 1930s to the 1950s, and its influence extended all over the world, but in the final years it reached a theoretical impasse. In phonology, the contributions of Bernard Bloch (1907-65) and William Freeman Twaddell (1906- ), and in morphology, Zelig Harris (1909- ), Charles Hockett (1916- ), and Eugene Nida (1914- ), are important. Representative works of distributionalist methodology are Outline of Linguistic Analysis (1942) by Block and George Trager (1906-) and Methods in Structural Linguistics (1951) by Harris, but the latter in particular recognized the methodological dead end of distributionalism and paved the way for the anti-distributionalist transformational generative grammar (generative grammar) by his disciple N. Chomsky. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Harris, Z." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…1930年代後半から50年代にかけての約20年はL.ブルームフィールドの追随者たちによるアメリカ構造言語学の全盛期でその影響は全世界に及んだが,末期には理論的行詰りを生じた。音素論ではブロックBernard Bloch(1907‐65),トウォデルWilliam Freeman Twaddell(1906‐ ),形態論ではハリスZelig Harris(1909‐ ),ホケットCharles Hockett(1916‐ ),ナイダEugene Nida(1914‐ )らの業績が重要である。分布主義的方法論の祖述としては先のブロックとトレーガーGeorge Trager(1906‐ )の《言語分析概説Outline of Linguistic Analysis》(1942)とハリスの《構造言語学の方法Methods in Structural Linguistics》(1951)が代表的であるが,とくに後者は分布主義の方法論的行詰りを認め,弟子のN.チョムスキーによる反分布主義的な変形生成文法(生成文法)への道を開いた。… ※「Harris,Z.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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