For example, in a population of 100 individuals, there are two alleles, A1 and A2 , and there are 64 , 32 , and 4 individuals with the genotypes A1A1 , A1A2 , and A2A2 (i.e., the respective genotype frequencies are 0.64, 0.32, and 0.04). The gene frequency of A1 is 0. The gene frequency of A2 is 0. In a population where mating is random, and if there are no mutations, natural selection, or random drift, the gene frequency is constant, and the Hardy-Weinberg's law (1908) holds that the genotype frequency is given by the binomial expansion of the gene frequency (in the previous example, (0.8 + 0.2) 2 = 0.64 + 0.32 + 0.04). In real populations, genes change due to factors such as mutations, natural selection, random drift, and migration. *Some of the terminology that refers to "Hardy-Weinberg's law" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…例えば100個体の集団でA1とA2の二つの対立遺伝子が存在しA1A1,A1A2,A2A2の遺伝子型をもった個体がそれぞれ64,32,4個体存在した(つまりそれぞれの遺伝子型頻度が0.64,0.32,0.04)とすると,A1の遺伝子頻度は,A2の遺伝子頻度はである。交配が無作為に行われている集団で,突然変異,自然淘汰,機会的浮動などが働かなければ遺伝子頻度は一定であり,遺伝子型頻度は遺伝子頻度の二項式展開(先の例は(0.8+0.2)2=0.64+0.32+0.04)で与えられるというハーディ=ワインベルクの法則Hardy‐Weinberg’s law(1908)が成立する。実際の集団においては突然変異,自然淘汰,機会的浮動,移住などの要因により遺伝子は変化する。… ※「Hardy-Weinberg's law」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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