Hacılar (English spelling)

…Kaki [Masashi Hamashima]
[Western]
People have long surrounded their property with walls or fences to prevent intrusions by enemies or thieves and to prevent the escape of livestock. One of the oldest settlement ruins, Hacılar (c. 5400 BC) in southwestern Turkey, is surrounded by mud-brick walls 1.5 to 3 meters thick, and the grounds of an upper-class mansion on the outskirts of Amarna during the 18th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt (c. 1350 BC) were surrounded by walls more than 3 meters high. However, in ancient times, cities themselves were protected by city walls and houses were built densely, so it was rare for buildings within the city to be surrounded by walls.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Hacılar" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…垣【浜島 正士】
［西洋］
　自己の所有地を塀や垣で取り囲み，敵や盗賊の侵入を予防したり，家畜の逃亡を防いだりすることは古くから行われていた。最古の集落遺跡のひとつ，トルコ南西部のハジュラルHacılar(前5400ころ)は厚さ1.5～3mの日乾煉瓦造の壁で囲まれ，古代エジプト第18王朝のアマルナ郊外の上流邸宅(前1350ころ)の敷地は高さ3m以上もある塀で囲まれていた。しかし古代には都市そのものが市壁で守られ，人家は稠密（ちゆうみつ）に建てられていたので，市内の建物に塀をめぐらすことはまれであった。…

※「Hacılar」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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