Voice recorder - Voice recorder (English spelling)

Japanese: ボイスレコーダー - ぼいすれこーだー(英語表記)voice recorder
Voice recorder - Voice recorder (English spelling)

A device that records conversations in the cockpit, communication with air traffic control agencies and other aircraft, and sounds of warnings and equipment operation in order to clarify the cause of aircraft accidents. It is generally called a CVR (cockpit voice recorder) because it records the voices in the cockpit. An endless tape of 30 minutes or more (some are up to 120 minutes) is used for recording, and at least the last 30 minutes of the situation is always recorded while erasing the old content. The recording device can record and monitor four channels of voice. The four channels are divided into voice communications between the captain, co-pilot, and flight engineer, and conversations in the cockpit through a microphone installed at the top of the cockpit, and each can be played back and listened to separately. The monitor function has a visual instrument to determine whether or not a recording is being made. It also has a function to immediately erase the recorded content. In order to ensure that the recorded content is preserved even in the event of an accident, the recording tape is stored in a capsule that can withstand heat and impact, and is installed in a place where it is unlikely to be destroyed, burned, or damaged. The capsule is strong enough to withstand temperatures of 1100°C for 30 minutes, a shock of 1000G for 0.011 seconds, and to withstand immersion in seawater or jet fuel for 48 hours. It is painted orange and wrapped with white reflective tape to make it easy to find. Aircraft used for air transport services are required to be equipped with CVRs and to keep them running at all times from the time the engines are started until the engines are shut down at the end of the flight.

[Kyoki Aoki and Shinichiro Nakamura]

[References] | Aviation accidents | Airplanes | Flight recorders

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

航空機事故の原因を解明するために、操縦室内の会話や管制機関および他機との交信、警報や機器の操作音などを録音しておく装置。操縦室内の音声を録音するため、一般にCVR(cockpit voice recorder)とよばれている。録音には30分以上(120分までのものもある)のエンドレステープを使用し、古い内容を消しながらつねに少なくとも最後の30分間の状況が録音されている。録音装置では、4チャンネルの音声録音とそのモニターができる。4チャンネルとは、機長、副操縦士、航空機関士の音声通信と操縦室上部に設けられた集音マイクによる操縦室内の会話に区分され、それぞれ別々にプレイバックして聞くことができる。モニター機能では、録音されているかどうかを判定する目視計器がついている。また録音された内容をただちに消去できる機能も有している。録音テープは、事故の際でも記録内容を確実に保存するために、熱や衝撃に耐えられるカプセルに収められ、破壊、燃焼、破損のおそれの少ない場所に取り付けられている。カプセルは、1100℃の温度に30分間、1000Gの衝撃に0.011秒間耐えられ、海水やジェット燃料に48時間浸されてももちこたえる強度をもち、発見が容易なようにオレンジ色に塗られ、白色の反射テープが巻かれている。航空運送事業のために使用される航空機にはCVRを装備し、発動機を始動させたときから飛行の終了後発動機を停止させるまでの間、常時作動させることが義務づけられている。

[青木享起・仲村宸一郎]

[参照項目] | 航空事故 | 飛行機 | フライトレコーダー

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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