Big boss politics - Ogosho Seiji

Japanese: 大御所政治 - おおごしょせいじ

The former Shogun continues to hold real political power even after retirement. In the early Kamakura period, the residence of the Shogun's father was called Ogosho, but later the Shogun's father or the former Shogun came to be called Ogosho. Ogosho politics was coined by later historians. The first Shogun of the Edo period, Tokugawa Ieyasu, and the 11th Shogun, Ienari, are generally considered to have practiced Ogosho politics. Other Shoguns who continued to hold real power as Ogosho include Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, the third Shogun of the Muromachi Shogunate, and Tokugawa Hidetada, the second Shogun of the Edo Shogunate, but they are not often referred to as Ogosho politics. During the period from 1605 to 1616, when Ieyasu handed over the Shogun position to Hidetada and moved to Sunpu Castle, he built the foundations of the 300-year Tokugawa era by defeating the Toyotomi clan and establishing the various laws for the Imperial Court and the Nobility and the Buke, and thus is worthy of being called Ogosho politics. During his time as Shogun, Ienari brought about the flourishing of culture known as the Bunka era. Even after he handed over the position of Shogun to Ienari in 1837, he continued to hold real power, and this period is called the Ogosho era, in contrast to the harsh political tone of the Bunka era and the Tenpo Reform era.
→ Related article Tokugawa Ienari

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

前将軍が隠退後も政治の実権を握りつづけること。鎌倉初期は将軍の父の屋敷を大御所と称したが，のち将軍の父その人，あるいは前将軍をも大御所とよぶようになった。大御所政治とは後世の史家によって名づけられた。一般に大御所政治を行ったとされるのは，江戸時代の初代将軍徳川家康と11代将軍家斉の二人。ほかに室町幕府３代将軍足利義満や江戸幕府２代将軍徳川秀忠なども大御所として実権を握りつづけたが，大御所政治とはあまりいわれない。家康は将軍職を秀忠に譲って駿府城に移り住んだ1605年−1616年の間，豊臣氏の討滅，禁中並公家諸法度・武家諸法度の制定など，徳川三百年の基礎を築いており，大御所政治とよぶにふさわしい。家斉は将軍在職中，化政期とよばれる文化の爛熟(らんじゅく)した様相を現出させた。天保８年（1837）将軍職を家慶に譲った後も実権を握りつづけ，化政期と天保改革期の厳しい政治基調とを対比させ大御所時代とよばれる。
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