Hyoe Ouchi

Economist. Born on August 29, 1888 in Awajishima, Hyogo Prefecture. Graduated from the Department of Economics at the Faculty of Law, Tokyo Imperial University in 1913 (Taisho 2). After working at the Ministry of Finance, he became an assistant professor at the Faculty of Economics, Tokyo Imperial University in 1914, where he taught public finance. In January 1915, he resigned due to his involvement in the Morito Incident. In 1916, he studied at his own expense in Germany, and while studying abroad, he was granted a special pardon in 1922 and reinstated to his position at the University of Tokyo. Upon returning to Japan in 1923, he took charge of the second public finance course as a professor. The textbook for this lecture, "Outline of Public Finance," published in 1930 (Showa 5), ​​was the first to systematize public finance from the standpoint of scientific socialism, as opposed to the social policy school that was the mainstream in academia at the time. He was arrested in 1963 as a member of the "professor group" in the Popular Front Incident, and took a leave of absence from the University of Tokyo, but returned to the University in 1945 (Showa 20) after Japan's defeat in the war, and retired in 1949. During this time, he published many books and produced many scholars under his students. After retiring from government, he held important positions such as president of Hosei University and chairman of the Social Security System Council, and in his later years he had a great influence on the socialist movement through the publication of papers based on Marxism. He passed away on May 1, 1980. In addition to "Outline of Public Finance," his major works include "Japanese Finance: Public Bonds" (1932), "Documentary Commentary on the History of Meiji Financial and Economic Affairs" (1933), and "Study of Inflation in Japan" (co-authored, 1946). He also translated A. Smith's "The Wealth of the Nations" and Engels's "From Fantasy to Science."

[Misono students, etc.]

"The Collected Works of Hyoe Ouchi, 12 volumes (1974-75, Iwanami Shoten)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

経済学者。明治21年8月29日兵庫県淡路島に生まれる。1913年（大正2）東京帝国大学法科大学経済学科卒業。大蔵省を経て19年東京帝国大学経済学部助教授となり財政学を担当。20年1月森戸事件に連座して退職。21年ドイツに私費留学、留学中の22年特赦により東大復職、23年帰国とともに教授として財政学第二講座を担当。この講義テキストとして30年（昭和5）に出版した『財政学大綱』は、当時学界の主流であった社会政策学派に対し、科学的社会主義の立場からの財政学を初めて体系化したものである。38年人民戦線事件の「教授グループ」の一員として検挙され、東大休職、45年（昭和20）敗戦により東大復帰、49年定年退官。この間、多数の著述を出版、また門下に幾多の学者を輩出した。退官後は法政大学総長、社会保障制度審議会会長などの要職を歴任、また晩年は、マルクス主義の立場にたつ論文の発表を通じ、社会主義運動への影響力も大きかった。昭和55年5月1日没。主要著書には『財政学大綱』のほか、『日本財政論　公債篇(へん)』（1932）、『明治財政経済史文献解題』（1933）、『日本インフレーションの研究』（共著・1946）などがあり、A・スミスの『諸国民の富』、エンゲルスの『空想より科学へ』などの翻訳もある。

［御園生等］

『『大内兵衛著作集』全12巻（1974～75・岩波書店）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例