follis

Japanese: follis
follis

…The English word fool, the French word fou, and the German word narr all have various meanings, such as a fool, a fool, or a professional jester. The origin of the word fool is the Latin word follis (meaning bellows), which is thought to have likened the meaningless words of a jester to the wind. There are many other similar words, such as the buffoon (which also comes from the Italian word buffa, meaning wind) that accompanied the nobles and wealthy at banquets, the jester employed at the imperial court, the joker in the Tarot (later playing cards), the trickster who appears in myths, legends, and rituals, and the clown who is an indispensable part of popular entertainment from the Commedia dell'arte to the circus, music halls, and silent movies.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "follis" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…英語のフールfool,フランス語のフーfou,ドイツ語のナルNarrは,愚者,まぬけ,職業的道化師など多様な意味内容をもつ。foolの語源はラテン語のフォリスfollis(〈ふいご〉の意)で,道化の無内容な言葉を〈風〉にたとえたと思われる。他にも類語は多く,貴族・富豪の饗宴に伴食したバフーンbuffoon(これも〈風〉を意味するイタリア語buffaに由来する),宮廷お抱えのジェスターjester,タロット(のちのトランプ)のジョーカーjoker,神話・伝説や儀礼に登場するいたずら者のトリックスター,そしてコメディア・デラルテからサーカスを経てミュージック・ホールや無声映画にいたる民衆的芸能に欠かせぬクラウンなどがある。…

※「follis」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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