Flavio Biondo

…During the Renaissance, the fall of the real city of Rome and the glories of the past revealed by its ruins gave rise to patriotic Roman ideals among Italian humanists, and at the same time, their awareness of breaking away from the Middle Ages led them to focus on the boundary between ancient and medieval times. Petrarch saw the end of republican freedom as a sign of Rome's decline, while Flavio Biondo, while also looking at the internal causes of the decline, ultimately concluded that the decline began in the year of the sack of Rome by the Visigoths (he considered it to be 412). Machiavelli, who considered the causes of the rise and fall of Rome to be primarily concerned with the salvation of the current state of Italy, inherited Polybius' theory of the cycle of government, but he also favored the republican system and considered the dictatorships after Caesar to be a decadent form. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Flavio Biondo" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…ルネサンス期，現実の都市ローマの落（ちようらく）と遺跡が語る過去の栄光は，イタリア人文主義者の間に愛国的ローマ理念を芽生えさせ，同時に中世との訣別の自覚は彼らをして古代と中世の境界に目を向けさせた。ペトラルカは共和政的自由の終焉にローマ没落の兆しをみ，フラビオ･ビオンドFlavio Biondoは没落の内因にも目を向けつつ，最終的には西ゴートによるローマ市略奪の年(彼は412年とする)から没落が始まるとした。イタリアの現状救済を第一義としてローマ盛衰原因論を考えたマキアベリは，ポリュビオスの政体循環論を継承しつつ，共和政体をよしとし，カエサル以後の独裁を堕落形態とした。…

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出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報