Owen

Japanese: オーエン

Founder of the British socialism and co-operative movement. Along with Saint-Simon and Fourier, he was a representative utopian socialist. He was successful as a spinner and ran a factory in New Lanark, Scotland. He argued that improving the social environment was the key to improving human character, and introduced policies such as productive education and co-operatives. He also worked hard to establish the Factory Act. In America, he attempted to build New Harmony (1825-1828), a co-operative society of self-sufficiency and perfect equality, which he envisioned, but after returning to the United States he also attempted to form a national trade union federation (1833-1834), but all of these failed, and he was not well-liked thereafter. His major works include A New View of Society, Report on Lanark, and The Book of a New Moral World.
→ Related topics: Teiichi Sakuma | Socialism | Chartist movement | Early childhood education

Owen

British comparative anatomist and paleontologist. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and other institutions, and was a professor at the Royal Military Medical College. He was head of the natural history department at the British Museum from 1858 to 1884. He made many contributions to the study of comparative anatomy, and introduced concepts such as homology and similarity. He moved from the study of mammalian teeth to paleontology, where he became an authority. He was strongly influenced by Cuvier, and strongly opposed Darwin's theory of evolution.

Owen

A British poet who was killed in World War I, but whose sensitive war poems were collected in Poems (1920) and received high praise, influencing poets of the 1930s such as Auden and Spender.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

英国の社会主義・協同組合運動の創始者。サン・シモン，フーリエと並ぶ空想的社会主義者の代表。紡績業者として成功し，スコットランドのニューラナークで工場を経営。社会環境の改善こそ人間の性格改良の条件だと主張し，生産教育，協同組合などの施策を導入。工場法制定にも尽力。米国で自らの理想とする自給自足，完全平等の協同社会ニューハーモニー建設（1825年―1828年），帰国後の全国労働組合連合結成（1833年―1834年）はいずれも失敗し，以後は不遇だった。主著《新社会観》《ラナーク州報告》《新道徳世界の書》。
→関連項目佐久間貞一｜社会主義｜チャーチスト運動｜幼児教育

オーエン

英国の比較解剖学者，古生物学者。エディンバラ大学等で医学を学び，王立軍医学校の教授。1858年―1884年大英博物館自然史部門部長。比較解剖の研究に多くの業績をあげ，相同と相似などの概念を導入。哺乳(ほにゅう)類の歯の研究から古生物学に進み，権威となる。キュビエの影響を強く受け，ダーウィンの進化論には強く反対した。