Synonymous with "carry". A tool to carry on the back with books, sutras, Buddhist altar implements, clothes, tableware, etc. It is similar to a modern backpack, school bag, or rucksack. The character for 笈 has a bamboo crown and is read as "fumibako" in the Heian period Wamyō Ruijushō, suggesting that it was a bamboo tool for carrying books in ancient times. It is known to have been used in the Heian period as it is already widely seen in works such as The Tale of Genji and Utsubo Monogatari. Most of the surviving 笈 were used by traveling monks and ascetics, and are mostly made of bamboo or wood. They are box-shaped with legs on all four corners, similar to a box, with a door for opening and closing, and are carried on the back with a rope. In addition, the clothing worn when carrying a backpack is called an oisuri. [Mizuo Miyamoto] Muromachi period (16th century) Wood, lacquer, copper, engraving, and gilding Height 67.6 x width 44.7-50.9 cm Aichi Prefectural Museum of Art (Kimura Teizo Collection) Gilt bronze box Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
「負い」と同義。書籍、経巻、仏具、衣服、食器などを入れて背負って歩く道具。現在の背嚢(はいのう)、ランドセル、リュックサックのようなもの。笈の字が竹冠(たけかんむり)であることや平安時代の『倭名類聚抄(わみょうるいじゅしょう)』で笈を「ふみはこ」と読ませることなどから、古くは書籍を納める竹製の道具であったことが推察される。すでに『源氏物語』や『うつほ物語』などにも盛んにみられるところから、平安時代には使用されていたことが知られる。現存する笈は、そのほとんどが行脚僧(あんぎゃそう)、修験者(しゅげんじゃ)などが旅をするときに用いたもので、竹製のものや木製のものが多い。その形はつづらに似て四隅に脚のある箱形で、開閉用の戸をつけ、綱で背負うようにしたものである。なお、笈を背負うときに着る衣を笈摺(おいずり)という。 [宮本瑞夫] 室町時代(16世紀) 木・漆・銅・彫金・鍍金 高さ67.6×幅44.7~50.9cm愛知県美術館(木村定三コレクション)"> 金銅装笈 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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