Hattori Nankaku

A Chinese poet of the mid-Edo period. His given name was Mototaka. His pen name was Zi-sen, and his pen name was Nankaku. He was born into a merchant family in Kyoto, and moved to Edo as a boy. He initially studied waka poetry, and was employed as a poet by Yanagisawa Yoshiyasu at the age of 18. However, he got to know the Confucian scholar Ogyu Sorai, who was already in Yoshiyasu's service, and when he became his disciple, he switched to Chinese studies. In 1718 (Kyoho 3), he left the Yanagisawa family and spent the rest of his life indulging in poetry in a free and easy environment, and was a leading figure in the Chinese poetry world from the Kyoho to Horeki periods (1716-1764). Unlike Sorai, he had no political interest and pursued a way of life that cultivated the self and individuality through literature and art. He is considered to be one of the founders of literati consciousness along with Gion Nankai and Yanagisawa Kien. He is also famous for being the first to publish an edited version of "Selected Poems from the Tang Dynasty." His poems and prose are collected in "Collection of Writings by Nankaku Sensei."

[Tatsuo Hino]

"Japanese Thought Series 37: The Sorai School" (1972, Iwanami Shoten) edited by Rai Ikin

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸中期の漢詩人。名は元喬(もとたか)。字(あざな)は子遷。南郭はその号。京都の商家に生まれ、少年時代に江戸へ下った。初め和歌を学び、18歳のころ柳沢吉保(よしやす)に歌人として召し抱えられたが、すでに吉保に仕えていた儒学者荻生徂徠(おぎゅうそらい)を知り、入門するに及んで漢学に転向した。1718年（享保3）柳沢家を去って終生自由な境涯で詩作にふけり、享保(きょうほう)～宝暦(ほうれき)期（1716～64）漢詩壇の指導的立場にあった。徂徠と異なり政治的関心を抱かず、文学、芸術を通じて自我や個性を伸ばす生き方を追求し、祇園南海(ぎおんなんかい)、柳沢淇園(きえん)らとともに文人意識の確立者とされる。『唐詩選』を初めて校訂出版したことでも名高い。詩文は『南郭先生文集』に収められる。

［日野龍夫］

『頼惟勤校注『日本思想大系37　徂徠学派』（1972・岩波書店）』

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