devotio

…The will of the gods was also sought when wars were declared, and after defeats or disasters, ceremonies were held to appease the gods and the city of Rome was purified. It was not uncommon for generals and magistrates to make a vow (devotio) to consecrate temples or even their own lives before wars or major undertakings. The gods venerated by the citizens were given concrete statues over time, and their numbers increased.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "devotio" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…その他宣戦に際しても神意が問われ，敗戦や災害のときには神々をなだめる祭儀やローマ市の清祓が行われた。戦争や大事業に際して将軍や政務官が神殿や，ときには身命を奉献する旨の誓願(デウォティオdevotio)をなすこともまれではなかった。　市民の崇敬を受けた神々は時代とともに具体的な像をもち，その数も増えた。…

※「devotio」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報