…Although Levi was initially confused by the deeply magical practices and beliefs that had taken root among the peasants of southern Italy, he reinterpreted them not as a problem of backwardness but as an inherent cultural element linked to the activities of daily life, and presented a record from the inside of southern society that had been missing in previous studies of the south. The work of clarifying folk culture and the people's outlook on life was deepened after World War II by ethnologist Ernesto De Martino. He examined the relationship between folk culture and upper class culture in southern Italy, taking up such rituals as the wailing of women at the funeral of the dead, popular magical rituals passed down among the people, and tarantism, a ritual to exorcise evil spirits with a violent dance that represents the convulsions caused by the bite of a poisonous tarantula spider. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "De Martino, E." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…レービは南イタリアの農民の間に根を下ろしている呪術的性格の濃い慣行と信仰に最初とまどいながらも,それを遅れの問題としてでなく,日常生活の営みと結びついた固有の文化要素としてとらえ直し,それまでの南部論に欠けていた南部社会の内側からの記録を提出した。民俗文化や民衆の生活観を明らかにする作業は,第2次大戦後に民族学者デ・マルティーノErnesto De Martinoによって深められた。彼は死者葬送の際の泣き女による慟哭儀礼,民衆の間に伝わる通俗的呪術儀礼,それにタランチュラという毒グモにかまれて生じるけいれんを表す激しい舞踏で悪霊払いをするタランティズム儀礼などを取り上げながら,イタリア南部における民衆文化と上層文化の関係のありように検討を加えた。… ※「De Martino,E.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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