...However, several plants are known from the Old Continent, such as the mandrake ( Mandrake officinarum , Solanaceae) in Europe, iboga ( Tabernanthe iboga , Apocynaceae) in tropical Africa, hashish ( Cannabis sativa , Mulberry family) in the Middle East, and the fly agaric (Amanita muscaria) in Siberia. In the New World, there are Mexican hallucinogens, sacred mushrooms (mushrooms belonging to the genera Palomella, Lycoris, and Acanthaceae), peyote, a type of cactus, plants of the Solanaceae genera Datura and Solandra used from North to South America, yajé ( Banisteriopsis caapi , B. inebrians , etc., Canthaceae family) used in Amazonia, Anadenanthera genus of the Fabaceae family, and Virola genus of the Myristicae family. 90% of hallucinogens are found in the region from Central America to Amazonia, and the cultures of these regions are sometimes called "hallucinogenic drug cultures." From [Datura stramonium]...An annual plant of the Solanaceae family native to tropical Asia (illustration). Its Chinese name is Mandarage. It was imported during the Edo period and cultivated for medicinal purposes, but is rarely seen today. Recently, its close relative D. stramonium L. (English names: thorn apple, Jimson weed, stramonium), native to tropical America, has been widely cultivated and has become naturalized in wastelands. Both species have stems about 1m tall, alternate or pseudoopposite leaves, 8-15cm long, and single flowers in the leaf axils. The corolla is funnel-shaped with a long tube. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Datura" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ただし旧大陸においてもヨーロッパのマンドレークmandrake(Mandragora officinarum,ナス科)や熱帯アフリカのイボガiboga(Tabernanthe iboga,キョウチクトウ科),中近東のハシーシュ(Cannabis sativa,クワ科),シベリアのベニテングタケ(テングタケ)など,いくつかの植物が知られている。新大陸では,メキシコのオロリウクイ,聖なるキノコ(シビレタケ属,ヒカゲタケ属,モエギタケ属などに属するキノコ),サボテンの1種であるペヨーテ,北アメリカから南アメリカにかけて用いられるナス科のダツラDatura属やソランドラSolandra属の植物,アマゾニア地方で用いられているヤヘーyajé(Banisteriopsis caapi,B.inebriansなど,キントラノオ科)やマメ科のアナデナンテラAnadenanthera属,ニクズク科のビロラVirola属の植物がある。幻覚薬の90%は,中央アメリカからアマゾニア地方にいたる地域でみられ,それらの地域の文化に対して〈幻覚薬文化〉という呼称が用いられることがある。… 【チョウセンアサガオ】より…熱帯アジア原産のナス科の一年草(イラスト)。中国名は曼陀羅華(まんだらげ)。江戸時代に輸入され薬用のために栽培されたが,現在はほとんど見られない。最近では熱帯アメリカ原産の近似種ヨウシュチョウセンアサガオD.stramonium L.(英名thorn apple,Jimson weed,stramonium)が広く栽培され,また荒地に野生化している。両者とも茎は高さ約1m,葉は互生または偽対生し,長さ8~15cm,花は葉腋(ようえき)に単生し,花冠は漏斗状で長い筒部がある。… ※「Datura」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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