Cross keys

Japanese: cross keys(英語表記)crosskeys
Cross keys

…[Niida Sho] In Christianity, Jesus Christ gave the keys to Peter and said, "To him I will give the keys of the kingdom of heaven" (Matthew 16:19), so Peter is called the guardian of the gates of heaven and is depicted holding two keys. These two keys are the symbol of the Roman pope, who was Peter's successor. One is made of gold and the other of silver, and they represent the shape of a cross, which is called cross keys in English. It is said that these successive popes have been given the highest authority among Christians, and that they have been given the "power of the keys" (the right to open and close the doors of heaven). Keys were also considered symbols of ownership, power, and wealth in medieval European fortresses, castles, and cities, so when their representatives handed over the keys to an outsider, it meant surrendering the castle or city to the other party. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "cross keys" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…【仁井田 陞】 キリスト教では,イエス・キリストがペテロに鍵を与えて〈われ天国の鍵をなんじに与えん〉(《マタイによる福音書》16:19)と述べたことから,ペテロは天国の門の番人といわれ,2個の鍵を手にした姿に描かれている。この2個の鍵は,ペテロの後継者であるローマ教皇のしるしとなり,一つは金,一つは銀で作られ,英語ではクロス・キーズcross keysと呼ぶ十字架の形を表し,この歴代の教皇にキリスト教徒最高の権威が与えられていることを,〈鍵の力〉(天国の扉の開閉権)が与えられているという。鍵は中世ヨーロッパの砦,城,都市などでも,その所有権や力や富の象徴と考えられていたので,それらの代表者が外来者に鍵を渡すことは,相手に城や都市を明け渡すことを意味していた。…

※「cross keys」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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