A port city in the central state of Kerala, southwest India. It faces the Arabian Sea and Lake Vembanad. It developed where Lake Vembanad, a long, narrow lagoon that runs parallel to the coastline for over 70 km, connects with the sea through a narrow channel, and has developed as a port on both the open ocean and coastal waterways. It was the capital of the Cochin princely state for a long time, and Vasco da Gama established a Portuguese trading post there in 1502, and the following year Portuguese governor Albuquerque built the first European-style castle in India. The Dutch arrived in 1663, and the British occupied the city in 1795, building a modern port. It is one of the major ports on the southwest coast of the country, and is a major exporter of copra, cashew nuts, tea, and timber. Ship repairs and chemical manufacturing are also carried out here. It produces coconut fiber spinning and cotton textiles. There are many historical sites that show exchanges with Europe, such as Vasco da Gama's tomb and a Jewish quarter. It is home to the Indian Navy base. In 1970, it merged with Ernakulam, Mattancherry and other districts. Population: 564,038 (1991). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
インド南西部,ケララ州中部の港湾都市。アラビア海とベンバナード湖に面する。海岸線と平行に 70km以上も細長く続く潟湖ベンバナード湖が狭い水路で海と通じるところに発達し,外洋と沿岸水路の港として発展。古くからコーチン藩王国の首都で,バスコ・ダ・ガマが 1502年にポルトガル商館をおき,翌年ポルトガル総督アルブケルケがインド最初のヨーロッパ型の城を築いた。 1663年オランダが進出,1795年イギリスが占領,近代的港湾が建設された。同国南西岸の主要港の一つでコプラ,カシューナッツ,茶,木材の積出しが多く,船舶修理,化学工業も行われる。ココヤシ繊維紡織,綿織物などを産出。バスコ・ダ・ガマの墓所,ユダヤ教徒居住区などヨーロッパとの交流を示す史跡が多い。インド海軍の基地がある。 1970年にエルナークラム,マッターンチェリなどを合併した。人口 56万 4038 (1991) 。
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