Centrifugal casting

Japanese: 遠心鋳造 - えんしんちゅうぞう(英語表記)centrifugal casting
Centrifugal casting

A method in which molten metal is poured into a cylindrical mold while it is rotated around its central axis, and the metal solidifies into a tube as centrifugal force presses the molten metal against the mold wall. It is possible to produce hollow tubular castings without placing a mold (core) inside the cylindrical mold to create the inner surface of the tube. When making a thin, long tube, the rotation axis of the mold is horizontal (horizontal type), and when making a thick, short tube, the rotation axis of the mold is vertical (vertical type). When using the horizontal type, the rotation speed must be set so that the centrifugal force is greater than gravity, otherwise the molten metal will fall. Also, when using the vertical type, the rotation speed must be high or the wall thickness will be different at the top and bottom of the casting.

They usually operate at a rotation speed where the centrifugal force is 40 to 80 times that of gravity. The metal on the outer periphery of the casting becomes dense, while light slag floats to the inner periphery, and the inner surface is finished by machining to create the product. Currently, cast iron pipes for water supply are the most commonly produced, but cast iron cylinder liners, cast steel pipes, and copper alloy bearings are also manufactured.

[Katsuya Igawa and Zenshiro Hara]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

円筒状の鋳型をその中心軸の周りに回転させながら溶融金属を注入し、遠心力によって鋳型壁に溶解金属を押し付けながら金属を管状に凝固させる方法。円筒鋳型の中に管の内面をつくるための鋳型(中子(なかご))を入れておくことなしに中空管状の鋳物をつくることができる。細くて長い管をつくるときは鋳型の回転軸を水平にし(横型)、太くて短い管をつくるときは鋳型の回転軸を垂直にする(縦型)。横型のときは、遠心力が重力よりも大きくなるような回転数にしないと、溶融金属が落下する。また縦型のときは、回転数を大きくしないと、鋳物の上下で肉厚が異なってくる。

 遠心力が重力の40倍から80倍になるような回転数で操業するのが普通である。鋳物の外周部は金属が緻密(ちみつ)となり、軽い滓(かす)などは内周に浮かび出るので、内面を切削加工で仕上げ、製品とする。現在もっとも多くつくられているのは上水道用の鋳鉄管で、鋳鉄製のシリンダーライナーや、鋳鋼管、銅合金の軸受などもつくられている。

[井川克也・原善四郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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