Ogura Sansei

A Confucian scholar in the early Edo period. A samurai of the Tosa domain. Sansho was a pen name, his given name was Katsu, his pen names were Masazane and Masayoshi, and he was commonly known as Yaemon. He studied under Tani Jichu, a disciple of the Confucian monk Tenshitsu (Muro) of the Shinshu Honganji sect, and mastered the Cheng-Zhu school of thought. Among his disciples, he was as highly esteemed as Nonaka Kenzan. His father, Ogura Shosuke (Shosuke), served Yamauchi Kazutoyo in Nagahama, Omi Province, and later gained the trust of the domain as a punishment officer after entering Tosa. He focused on the domain's forestry resources and started a rotational tree-cutting system. After his father retired, he inherited a stipend of 800 koku as a punishment officer. Kaneyama, who became friends with him, became famous primarily for his political activities, but Sansho not only assisted in his administration, but also demonstrated his great virtue in moral education. There is an anecdote that he treated even criminals with mercy. Among his disciples were Tani Issai and Nagasawa Senken. In 1654 (Shoo 3), he was so grieving over the death of his father that he fasted from food, and died the same year at the age of 51.

[Higuchi Kozo]

"A Study on the Development of Zhu Xi School in Hainan" by Kunijiro Itoga (1935, Seibido Shoten) " "The Story of Nanxue" by Shibayama Otakasaka (included in "Japanese Confucian Scholars Series 3" edited by Giichiro Seki, 1971, Otori Publishing)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸初頭の儒学者。土佐藩士。三省は号で、諱(いみな)は克(かつ)、字(あざな)は政実・政義、通称弥右衛門(やえもん)。真宗本願寺派の儒僧天質(てんしつ)（室）門人の谷時中(じちゅう)に学んで程朱学(ていしゅがく)を修め、門下では野中兼山(のなかけんざん)と並び称された。父小倉勝介(おぐらしょうすけ)（少助）は近江国(おうみのくに)長浜(ながはま)で山内一豊(かずとよ)に仕え、のち土佐入国後仕置役(しおきやく)として藩内の信を得た。藩の林産資源に注目し、樹木の輪伐制を創始した。父の隠居後仕置役として800石の家禄を継ぐ。親交を結んだ兼山はもっぱら政治活動において名をなしたが、三省はその施政を助けるとともに、人徳篤(あつ)く道徳教育において力を発揮した。罪人にも仁慈をもって接したとの逸話が伝わる。門人から谷一斎(いっさい)、長沢潜軒(せんけん)らが出た。1654年（承応3）父の死にあたり哀悼のあまり絶食し、同年51歳で死去した。

［樋口浩造］

『糸賀国次郎著『海南朱子学発達の研究』（1935・成美堂書店）』▽『大高坂芝山著『南学伝』（関儀一郎編『日本儒林叢書3』所収・1971・鳳出版）』

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