de Vaucouleurs, G. (English spelling)

Japanese: de Vaucouleurs,G.(英語表記)deVaucouleursG
de Vaucouleurs, G. (English spelling)

… Thirty-eight galaxies were registered in the Messier Catalogue (M number) compiled by C. Messier in 1771, and they have been included in celestial catalogs that also list non-stellar objects, such as nebulae and star clusters, such as the NGC Catalogue of 1888 and the IC Catalogue of 1895-1908. In 1832, H. Shapley and A. Ames published the Shapley-Ames Catalogue, which selected only 1,249 galaxies brighter than about magnitude 13 and described their characteristics. Currently, the Third Catalogue of Bright Galaxies (1991) compiled by the de Vaucouleurs and others is the most widely used, and contains 23,024 galaxies. A catalogue with a large number of entries is the Catalog of Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies by F. Zwicky et al. (1961-68), which contains 31,350 galaxies and 9,700 clusters of galaxies.

From [Supercluster of Galaxy]

…The existence of a system of groups of a size slightly larger than a cluster of galaxies was proposed by Gerard de Vaucouleurs as early as 1953, and it was called a supergalaxy system. In the late 1970s, it was discovered that this is a general structure that covers the entire universe, and the name was changed to supercluster. De Vaucouleur discovered that the distribution of relatively bright galaxies in the celestial sphere is concentrated in a belt-like area, just like the Milky Way in the case of stars, and by analogy with the Milky Way, he proposed that the nearby galaxies around us form a finite system of spheroids (Figure 1 shows the distribution of bright galaxies in the celestial sphere). …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "de Vaucouleurs, G." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… 1771年にC.メシエがまとめたメシエ星表(M番号)に38個が登録されたのをはじめとして,1888年のNGC星表や1895‐1908年のIC星表などの恒星でない天体,すなわち星雲や星団をいっしょに記載した天体表に収録されてきたが,32年にはH.シャプリーと,エームズA.Amesによって,約13等より明るい1249個の銀河だけを選んでその特性を記した銀河カタログ《Shapley‐Ames Catalogue》が出版された。現在ではド・ボークルールde Vaucouleurs夫妻らによってまとめられた《Third sekaidaihyakka_reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies》(1991)がもっとも広く用いられ,2万3024個の銀河を収録している。収録数の多いものとしては,ツビッキーF.Zwickyらによる銀河と銀河団のカタログ(1961‐68)があり,3万1350個の銀河と9700の銀河団を収めている。…

【超銀河団】より

…銀河団よりもひとまわり大きい集団体系の存在は,1953年すでにド・ボークルールGerard de Vaucouleursによって提唱され,超銀河系と呼ばれてきたが,70年代末になってそれが宇宙全域にわたる一般的構造であることが明らかにされ,名まえも超銀河団となった。ド・ボークルールは比較的明るい銀河の天球分布が,ちょうど恒星の場合の天の川のように帯状の部分に集中していることを見いだし,天の川の類推から,われわれのまわりの近距離銀河が,回転楕円体状の有限な体系を作っているものと考えた(図1に明るい銀河の天球分布図を示す)。…

※「de Vaucouleurs,G.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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