…In ancient Egypt, there was a word that corresponds to “cancer.” Cancer is called karkinos in Greek, cancer in English, and Krebs in German, all of which originally meant crab. Breast cancer is common and easily visible from the outside. … From [Dunce crab]…A crab of the crustacean family, Dungeness, with a shell width of up to 10 cm (illustration). The shell is nearly fan-shaped, reminiscent of a ginkgo leaf, as its name suggests. The forehead has three projections, the front edge of the shell has 12 projections, including the external teeth of the eye socket, and there is one small projection on the rear edge. The shell region is raised into the stomach region, heart region, and gill region, each of which is further subdivided. The genus Cancer is a time-honored scientific name since Linnaeus, and originally included all crabs. This word also means cancer, but it is said that this is because the appearance of cancer on the skin resembles the impression given by the bumps on the crab's shell. … *Some terminology explanations that mention "cancer" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…古代エジプトには〈癌〉に相当する言葉がある。 癌は,ギリシア語でkarkinos,英語でcancer,ドイツ語でKrebsといい,いずれもカニが原義である。乳癌は頻度が多く,また外からよく見える。… 【イチョウガニ】より…甲幅10cmに達する甲殻綱イチョウガニ科のカニ(イラスト)。甲は扇形に近く,その名のとおりイチョウの葉を思わせる。額は3本の突起,甲の前側縁は眼窩(がんか)外歯を含めて12本の突起からなり,後側縁に小さな突起が一つある。甲域は胃域,心域,鰓域(さいいき)が隆起し,それぞれさらに細分されている。イチョウガニ属Cancerはリンネ以来の由緒ある学名で,当初はカニ類がすべて含まれていた。この語は癌をも意味するが,皮膚にできた癌のようすがカニの甲面のでこぼこから受ける印象に似ているためといわれる。… ※「cancer」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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