Table volcano - takujoukazan (English spelling) volcanic table mountain

Japanese: 卓状火山 - たくじょうかざん（英語表記）volcanic table mountain

Eruptions can occur under continental ice sheets or at the bottom of lakes, causing mountains to grow and form volcanic islands above the water. Later, when the ice sheet or lake water recedes, a volcanic body surrounded by steep slopes and with a relatively flat top appears. This is called a table volcano. When an eruption occurs under an ice sheet, the heat of the magma melts the ice, creating an environment similar to that of an underwater eruption. They are common in Iceland, which was covered by ice sheets during the ice age, and in British Columbia, Canada, where lake areas have expanded. The steep slopes of a table volcano are formed when magma that comes out of the water cools rapidly, breaks into fragments, and accumulates around the crater.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

大陸氷床の下や湖水底で噴火が起こり，山体が成長して水面上に火山島ができることがある。のちに氷床や湖水が引くと，あとに急斜面で囲まれ比較的平坦な頂部をもつ火山体があらわれる。これを卓状火山という。氷床下で噴火が起こるとマグマの熱で氷がとけるため，水底噴火と同様な環境となる。氷期に氷床でおおわれたアイスランドや湖水域が拡大したカナダのブリティッシュ･コロンビアなどに多い。卓状火山の急斜面部分は，水中に出たマグマが急冷されて破片状になり，火口の周りに積もってできる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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