A marine fish belonging to the family Acanthidae in the order Perciformes of the class Osteichthyes. It is found in temperate and tropical seas around the world, but is not known from the eastern Atlantic Ocean or the Mediterranean Sea. It is somewhat rare in the waters around Japan. It can reach a total length of 25 cm, but the ones commonly seen are usually around 10 cm. The body is slightly squamous, but the height is not very large. The pelvic fin is long, and its inner edge is connected to the ventral surface of the body by a membrane, and when folded, it fits into a deep groove in the midline of the ventral surface. It is widely known to live symbiotically with the jellyfish Portuguese man-of-war. In this case, the Acanthidae nibbles on parts of the Portuguese man-of-war's body, and sometimes the Portuguese man-of-war eats the Acanthidae, and it is unclear to what extent the two mutually benefit each other. This symbiotic relationship is only seen in the juvenile and juvenile stages, during which time the fish have dark brown spots on their body surface; however, when they grow to about 20 centimeters and leave the jellyfish to live at the bottom, the spots disappear and their body color becomes a uniform light brown. [Kiyoshi Suzuki] ©Katsuya Nishikawa "> Eboshidai (specimen drawing) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
硬骨魚綱スズキ目エボシダイ科に属する海水魚。世界中の温帯と熱帯の海に分布するが、大西洋東部と地中海からは知られていない。日本近海はややまれなようである。全長25センチメートルに達するが、普通にみられるものは10センチメートルぐらいのものが多い。体はやや側扁(そくへん)しているが、体高はそれほど大きくない。腹びれは長く、その内縁は皮膜によって体の腹面に連なり、畳むと腹面正中線の深い溝の中に収まる。クラゲのカツオノエボシと共生することが広く知られている。この場合、エボシダイがカツオノエボシの体の一部をかじり、逆にカツオノエボシがエボシダイを食べる場合もあり、この両者は相互にどの程度の利益を与え合っているのか不明である。この共生関係は稚魚期や幼魚期だけにみられ、この時期には体表に黒褐色の斑紋(はんもん)があるが、20センチメートルぐらいに成長してクラゲから離れ底層で生活するようになると、斑紋がなくなり、体色は一様に淡褐色になる。 [鈴木 清] ©西川勝也"> エボシダイ〔標本画〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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