Like Trypanosoma, it is a parasitic protozoan of vertebrates that belongs to the blood and tissue parasitic flagellates. L. donovani causes kala-azar in Europe and Asia, L. tropica causes oriental tumors that cause ulcers on the hands, feet and face in Africa, Europe and Eastern countries, and L. braziliensis causes ulcers in the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth in Central and South America, but they are all structurally identical. All are transmitted by sandflies, but direct infection from the patient's feces or secretions is also possible. In the human body, it is found mainly in the endothelial cells of the spleen, liver, bone marrow, etc. (→ Moth Flies) Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
トリパノソーマと同じく血液・組織寄生鞭毛虫類に属する脊椎動物の寄生原虫。ヨーロッパおよびアジアでカラアザールを起す L. donovani,アフリカ,ヨーロッパ,東方諸国で手足や顔に瘤腫を起し潰瘍になる東方腫を起す L. tropica,中南米で鼻や口腔の粘膜に潰瘍を起す L. braziliensisが含まれるが,構造的にはすべて同一である。いずれもサシチョウバエが媒介するが,患者の便や分泌物からの直接感染も考えられる。人体内ではおもに脾臓,肝臓,骨髄などの内皮細胞中にみられる。 (→チョウバエ )
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