Acclimation

Japanese: acclimation

...also written as habituation. In a broad sense, it can be used synonymously with adaptation or acclimation to the environment, but in biology, adaptation usually means that morphology and physiology change and become fixed over a fairly long period of time, while acclimation means that physiological functions are successfully adjusted to the environment within a few weeks at most. The reaction of an organism to the environment is, in order of shortest time, reaction - acclimation - acclimation - adaptation, but these are overlapping concepts and are often used ambiguously.

From [Adaptation]

…Generally, it is a non-genetic adaptation phenomenon, and most of the changes are reversible. In contrast to acclimation, which occurs when certain environmental conditions are changed experimentally, acclimation observed in natural environments due to differences in seasons, geographical conditions, etc. is called acclimatization. In many cases, multiple environmental factors are involved, and in addition to temperature, factors such as photoperiod and nutrition must be considered. …

*Some terminology explanations that mention "acclimation" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…馴化とも書く。広い意味では環境への適応あるいは順応と同義で用いられる場合もあるが，ふつう生物学用語としては，適応がかなり長い時間経過の間に，形態や生理が変化し固定されることをいうのに対して，順化は，せいぜい数週間以内で生理機能を環境にうまく合わせることをいう。環境に対する生体の反応は時間の短いほうから順に，反応―順応―順化―適応というが，互いに重なり合った概念でもあり，あいまいな使われ方をする場合が多い。…

【順応】より

…一般には非遺伝的な適応adaptation現象であって多くは可逆的変化である。実験的に特定の環境条件を変化させたときに生じる順応(順化)acclimationにたいして，季節や地理的条件などの違いによる自然環境下でみられる順応を気候順化acclimatizationという。これには多くの場合，複数の環境要因が関与していて，たとえば温度のほかに光周期，栄養などの要因を考える必要がある。…

※「acclimation」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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