American jazz tenor saxophonist. Born in New York. Real name Theodore Walter Rollins. Started learning piano at age nine. Started playing alto saxophone in 1944, switched to tenor saxophone in 1946 and formed a dance music group with friends. Graduated from high school in 1947 and went professional. In 1949, participated in a recording with singer Babs Gonzales (1919-1980). Joined Miles Davis' group in 1951. From the fall of 1954, he took a year off to receive treatment for drug addiction, but returned in the fall of 1955 by joining the Clifford Brown-Max Roach Quintet. In June 1956, he recorded his masterpiece album Saxophone Colossus . In 1957, he became independent. He became a star with his own group and influenced many saxophonists with his powerful tone and extraordinary structures combined with superb improvisation. In 1959, at the height of his career, he retired for two years to explore the possibilities of his instrument and to improve his spiritual training, but in 1961 he returned to his energetic career with avant-garde performances. His soundtrack for the film Alfie (1966), for which he composed the music, was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Film Score. From 1969 to 1972 he was on hiatus again. In the 1970s he also played the soprano saxophone, and performed fusion-style performances with young musicians. His solo concert at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in July 1985 moved the audience and gained a good reputation. His 2000 album With This Is What I Do showed his undiminished talent. He has performed frequently since his first visit to Japan in 1963. His compositions include Oreo and St. Thomas. [Aoki Kei] "Jazz Giants Interviews," edited by Francois Postif and translated by Yamaguchi Takako (1990, JICC Publishing Bureau)" ▽ "Giants of Jazz," by Goto Masahiro (1991, JICC Publishing Bureau)" ▽ "My Favorite Jazzmen," edited and annotated by Takadaira Tetsuro, by Uekusa Jinichi (1998, Shobunsha Publishing)" ▽ "JazzSeen: Jazz Heard by the Camera," edited and published by Petit Gras Publishing (2002)" ▽ "Eric Nisenson Open Sky; Sonny Rollins and His World of Improvisation (2001, Da Capo Press)" [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカのジャズ・テナーサックス奏者。ニューヨーク生まれ。本名セオドア・ウォルター・ロリンズTheodore Walter Rollins。9歳からピアノを学ぶ。1944年からアルト・サックスを始め、46年にテナー・サックスに転向して仲間とダンス音楽グループを結成する。47年に高校を卒業してプロ入り。49年に歌手バブス・ゴンザレスBabs Gonzales(1919―80)の録音に参加。51年からマイルス・デービスのグループに参加する。54年秋から薬物依存の治療のため1年間活動を休止するが、55年秋にクリフォード・ブラウン=マックス・ローチ・クインテット(五重奏団)に参加して復帰を果たした。56年6月には自身の傑作アルバム『サキソフォン・コロッサス』Saxophone Colossusを録音。57年に独立。自身のグループで活躍してスターとなり、力強い音色と非凡な構成による最高のアド・リブ(即興演奏)で多くのサックス奏者に影響を及ぼした。 絶頂期を迎えていた1959年から2年間、楽器の可能性探求と精神修養のため一時引退するが、61年から前衛的演奏を行ってエネルギッシュに活動を再開。音楽を担当した映画『アルフィー』Alfie(1966)のサウンド・トラックは、グラミー賞の最優秀映画スコア賞にノミネートされた。69~72年ふたたび活動休止。70年代はソプラノ・サックスも吹き、若手たちとフュージョン的な演奏も行っている。85年7月ニューヨーク近代美術館で行われた無伴奏ワンマン・コンサートは聴衆に感動を与え、評判となった。2000年のアルバム『ジス・イズ・ホワット・アイ・ドゥ』With This Is What I Doではその衰えぬ実力を示した。1963年(昭和38)の初来日以来たびたび公演を行っている。作曲に『オレオ』『セント・トーマス』などの名曲がある。 [青木 啓] 『フランソワ・ポスティフ編著、山口隆子訳『ジャズ・ジャイアンツ・インタビュー集』(1990・JICC出版局)』▽『後藤雅洋著『ジャイアンツ・オブ・ジャズ』(1991・JICC出版局)』▽『植草甚一著、高平哲郎編・解説『ぼくの好きなジャズマンたち』(1998・晶文社)』▽『プチグラパブリッシング編・刊『JazzSeen――カメラが聴いたジャズ』(2002)』▽『Eric NisensonOpen Sky ; Sonny Rollins and His World of Improvisation(2001, Da Capo Press)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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