...First, the Hoju era name, which corresponds to 1167 (Nin'an 2), was used by those who prayed for the health of the Fujiwara clan during the heyday of Taira no Kiyomori, against the backdrop of the conflict between the Taira and Fujiwara clans, and the Wakatsu and Gyokuun era names, which correspond to 1190 (Kenkyu 1), were both used by those celebrating the return of peace with the end of the Genpei War (Wakatsu more explicitly implies the victory of the Genji), and both expressed specific wishes and congratulations with a political attitude that rejected the official era names, showing one of the basic characteristics of alternative era names. In the Nanboku-cho period, in 1345 (Kokoku 6, Sadawa 1), the Shiraka era name appeared in Noto and the Oji era name appeared in Suruga, and both are thought to have been used by people in the respective regions who were anti-Northern Court (Southern Court) people. Next, the Kotoku era name issued in 84 (Genchu 1, Shitoku 1) for use by some monks in Mount Hiei and Nara, and the Eiho era name issued in 88 (Genchu 5, Kakei 2) in parts of Yamato, are both presumably born out of dissatisfaction with the official era names, against the backdrop of conflicts among the nobles in charge of submitting era names in the Northern Court. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Oji" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…まず1167年(仁安2)に当たる保寿の年号は,平清盛の全盛時,平氏と藤原氏の対立を背景に,藤原氏の息災を願う者の使用するところ,また90年(建久1)に当たる和勝・迎雲の年号は,ともに源平争乱の終結(和勝にはより明示的に源氏の勝利の含意がある)による平和の再来をことほぐ者の使用するところであって,いずれも個別特定の願意や祝意を,正年号を拒否する政治的態度をもって表明したもので,異年号のもつ基本的性格の一つを示している。 南北朝時代に入ると,1345年(興国6∥貞和1)能登に白鹿,駿河に応治の年号が現れ,いずれもそれぞれの地方における反北朝(南朝系)の人々の使用と考えられている。ついで84年(元中1∥至徳1)叡山・南都の一部僧侶の使用にかかる弘徳,88年(元中5∥嘉慶2)大和の一部に見られた永宝はいずれも,北朝において年号勘申を担当した公家たちの対立を背景として,正年号に対する不満から生まれたものと推測されている。… ※「応治」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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