The oldest epic poem in French literature. It is estimated to have been written around the end of the 11th century. It is a work that belongs to the legend of Charlemagne among the "chordic poems". The author is thought to be Churold, but has not been confirmed. It is based on the historical fact that in 778, the last guard of Charlemagne's (Charles the Great) army was annihilated by a Basque attack in the Valley of Roncevaux in the Pyrenees on the way back from Spain. The work is thought to have been created by condensing several "songs" and adding new elements. It is composed of three parts: the cause of tragedy, the tragedy, and revenge, and depicts the ideals of medieval knights and nobles, namely, the praise of heroes and the sense of mission given by God. Of the 17 manuscripts in total, the Oxford manuscript is the oldest and is said to be closest to the original. Along with Germany's "Nibelungenlied," it is one of the two great masterpieces of medieval European epic poetry. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
フランス文学最古の叙事詩。 11世紀末頃成立と推定される。「武勲詩」のうちシャルルマーニュ伝説に属する作品。作者はチュロルドと目されるが確定していない。 778年シャルルマーニュ (カルル大帝) 軍の最後衛部隊がスペインからの帰途ピレネー山中のロンスボーの谷でバスク人の襲撃により全滅した史実に基づく。作品はいくつかの「歌謡」が凝集され,新しい要素が加えられて成立したと思われる。構成は悲劇の原因,悲劇,復讐の3部から成り,英雄賛美,神の与える使命感という中世騎士貴族の理想が描かれている。合計 17種の写本のうちオックスフォード写本が最も古く,原形に近いとされている。ドイツの『ニーベルンゲンの歌』とともに中世ヨーロッパ叙事詩の二大傑作。
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