Rope - rope (English spelling)

Japanese: ロープ - ろーぷ(英語表記)rope
Rope - rope (English spelling)

An industrial rope made of twisted fibers or steel wires. There are fiber ropes made of cotton, hemp, and synthetic fibers, and wire ropes made of steel wires (iron or steel) twisted around a fiber core. Fiber ropes are usually made by twisting several to several dozen single threads (yarns) to the left (Z twist) to make a strand, and then twisting three or four of the strands to the right (S twist) to make a rope. Recently, synthetic ropes, which are strong and resistant to decay, have become more popular. Applications include fishing, ships, forestry, mining, construction sites, mountain climbing, and more. Wire ropes are made by twisting several to several dozen wires to make a strand, and then twisting six strands around a fiber core to make a rope. A strand in which the strands are twisted in the opposite direction to the rope is called a normal twist. Wire ropes are particularly strong against large pulling forces, so they are used when lifting heavy objects.

[Iwao Nukata]

In the machinery industry, it is mainly used for winding transmission. Three- or four-ply hemp rope, cotton rope, and six-ply wire rope are mainly used. Leather ropes with a circular cross section are also used when the transmission force is small. Cotton ropes are flexible and have a long life, making them the most suitable for transmission. For outdoor use, hemp ropes that are resistant to wind and rain are suitable. When using cotton or hemp ropes, they should come into contact with the slope of the groove of the rope pulley, and the angle of the groove should be 45 to 60 degrees. When the transmission force is large, wire ropes that can withstand large tensile forces are used. There are two ways to hang the ropes: the individual method, in which the required number of ropes are made separately and hung in a line on the pulley, and the continuous method, in which one long rope is hung back and forth between the two pulleys as many times as necessary, and the last end is tied to the first end to form a ring.

[Hidetaro Nakayama]

[Reference item] | Wire rope
Fiber rope construction and twisting
©Shogakukan ">

Fiber rope construction and twisting


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

繊維あるいは鋼線を撚(よ)り合わせた産業用の綱のことで、綿、麻、合成繊維でつくる繊維ロープと、繊維の芯(しん)綱を中心にして鋼線(鉄または鋼)を撚り合わせたワイヤロープとがある。繊維ロープは普通、単糸(ヤーン)を数本~数十本あわせて左撚り(Z撚り)にして子縄(ストランド)をつくり、子縄の3~4本を右撚り(S撚り)にしてロープとする。最近では、強度もあり腐敗にも強い合繊ロープが多く使用されるようになった。用途としては漁業用、船舶用、林業用、鉱山用、建築現場用、登山用その他がある。ワイヤロープは数本~数十本の針金を撚り合わせて子縄をつくり、繊維の芯綱を中心にして、普通6本の子縄を撚り合わせてロープをつくる。子縄の撚り方向とロープの撚り方向との関係が逆方向のものを、普通撚りとよぶ。ワイヤロープはとくに大きな引っ張り力に耐える特長があるので、重い物を引き上げるときなどに使用する。

[額田 巌]

 機械工業では主として巻掛伝動に用いる。三つ撚(よ)りまたは四つ撚りの麻ロープ、綿ロープ、および六つ撚りのワイヤロープとが主として用いられる。伝達力が小さいときには円形断面の皮ロープも用いられる。綿ロープは柔軟で寿命も長く、伝動用としてもっとも適当である。屋外で使用するのには風雨に強い麻ロープが適している。綿ロープ、麻ロープを使用するときにはロープ車の溝の斜面で接触するようにし、溝の角度は45度から60度とする。伝達力の大きい場合には、大きな引張力に耐えるワイヤロープを使用する。ロープの掛け方は、必要数だけのロープを別々につくり調車(しらべぐるま)上に並べて掛ける各個式と、1本の長いロープを必要な回数だけ両車間に往復して掛け、最後の端を最初の端に結び付け輪形にする連続式とがある。

[中山秀太郎]

[参照項目] | ワイヤロープ
繊維ロープの構成と撚り方
©Shogakukan">

繊維ロープの構成と撚り方


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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