Rokuhara

Near Matsubara-cho, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto City. On the east bank of the Kamo River, between Gojo and Shichijo, there is currently Rokuhara Mitsuji Temple, founded by the monk Kuya Shonin. It has been a historically important place since the Heian period. Taira Masamori established his residence, Rokuhara-den, here, and his grandson Kiyomori expanded the area from about one cho to over 20 cho, where the Heike clan lived. For this reason, the Heike government is called the Rokuhara government. In the Kamakura period, Minamoto no Yoritomo established his Kyoto residence here. After the Jōkyū War (1221), the northern and southern Rokuhara Tandai were established, and they became a major branch of the shogunate, monitoring the political world of Kyoto and carrying out government affairs such as litigation in the western provinces. After the fall of the Kamakura Shogunate, Takauji Ashikaga set up camp here, absorbing many of his retainers, including the former Tandai staff. There is a stone monument marking the site of the Rokuhara Tandai office within the Rakuto Junior High School.

[Hiroko Kuroda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

京都市東山区松原町付近。鴨川(かもがわ)の東岸、五条と七条の間の地で、現在は空也上人(くうやしょうにん)開山の六波羅蜜寺(みつじ)がある。平安時代以来の歴史上の要地。平正盛(まさもり)がここに邸宅六波羅殿（亭）を創設し、孫の清盛(きよもり)が、初め方一町ほどであったものを20余町までに造作して、平家一門が居住した。このため、平氏政権のことを六波羅政権とよぶ。鎌倉時代になると源頼朝(よりとも)がここに京都の邸宅をつくった。承久(じょうきゅう)の乱（1221）後は南北の六波羅探題(たんだい)を設置して、京都政界の監視、西国の訴訟事務などの政務を執行する幕府の一大分身機関とした。また、鎌倉幕府滅亡後は足利尊氏(あしかがたかうじ)が陣を構え、旧探題の職員をはじめ多くの御家人(ごけにん)を吸収した地ともなった。なお、洛東(らくとう)中学校内に六波羅探題府址の石碑がある。

［黒田弘子］

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