A marine animal belonging to the phylum Cnidaria, class Anthozoa, subclass Hexacorallia, order Actiniaria, family Actiniidae. It is found in temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere. It is a small species whose body wall stretches to 1-3 cm in height and diameter, and shrinks to a hemispherical shape. Its smooth body wall has many spear holes, from which it produces white spear threads when stimulated by an external force. The upper end of the body wall folds into a collar shape, leading to the tentacles. The tentacles are short, pale ochre or olive in color, and number 96-192. The oral disk is dark olive and yellow-orange with dark orange rays. The lips are dark orange or reddish brown. The base color of the body wall is dark olive with vertical stripes. There are four types of patterns. The most common type has 12 orange stripes, but there are four other types: one with 24 yellow thin stripes, one with a combination of both patterns, and one that has no stripes at all. There are 48 pairs of septa (6 + 6 + 12 + 24) and a lanceolate filament at the bottom. The lanceolate filament contains three types of nematocysts. It is commonly found in the intertidal zone throughout Japan, and can also be found in places that are heavily influenced by freshwater. There are four types in Japan, but such a variety is not seen in America or Europe, and it is believed that this species is native to Japan and was spread around the world by ship. For this reason, the genus name was given its Greek name meaning "wanderer of the sea." [Hiroomi Uchida] [Reference] |Family: Anemonidae © Hiroomi Uchida Vertical striped sea anemone Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
刺胞(しほう)動物門花虫(はなむし)綱六放サンゴ亜綱イソギンチャク目タテジマイソギンチャク科に属する海産動物。北半球の温帯域に分布する。体壁が伸びると高さ・径とも1~3センチメートル、縮むと半球状になる小形種で、体壁は滑らかで多くの槍孔(やりあな)をもち、外的刺激を受けるとそこから白い槍糸(やりいと)を出す。体壁上端は襟状に折れ、触手へと続く。触手は淡黄土色ないしオリーブ色で短く、96~192本である。口盤は暗いオリーブ色と黄橙(おうとう)色で、暗橙色の放射線がある。口唇は暗橙色か赤褐色。体壁の地色は暗いオリーブ色で、そこに縦縞模様がある。模様には四つの型がある。橙(だいだい)色の12本の条線のあるものがもっとも多く、その他に24本の黄色細条線のあるもの、その二つの模様をあわせ備えるもの、条線をまったく欠くものの4型である。隔膜は6+6+12+24の48対で、下端に槍糸をもつ。槍糸中に3種類の刺胞をもつ。日本各地の潮間帯に普通にみられ、かなり淡水の影響を受ける所にもみられる。 日本には4型あるが、アメリカ、ヨーロッパなどではこれほど多様な型はみられず、この種は日本が原産で、船舶によって世界各地に伝播(でんぱ)されたと考えられている。このことにより、属名は「海の放浪者」の意味のギリシア語が与えられている。 [内田紘臣] [参照項目] |タテジマイソギンチャク科©内田紘臣"> タテジマイソギンチャク 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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