This product is made by filling an airtight container with food, sealing it, and sterilizing it at high temperature in a retort (high-pressure cooker). More precisely, it is called a retort pouch food. A pouch is a sealed bag (container). The Japanese Agricultural Standards (JAS) define it as "a container (limited to those that are airtight and light-blocking) made of plastic film or metal foil, or a combination of these in multiple layers, molded into a bag or other shape, filled with prepared food, sealed by thermal dissolution, and sterilized by pressurized heating." Cooked foods can be eaten simply by heating them, and currently include curry, hayashi rice, meat sauce, stew, hamburger steak, meatballs, rice dishes, beef bowls, and zenzai. The general characteristics of retort foods are: It is said that research and development of retort pouch foods began in the United States around 1950 as a processed food to replace canned foods for military use. In Japan, retort pouch foods were first sold in the late 1960s with the launch of retort gyoza dumplings, and then became popular with the release of retort curry in 1968. At the time, they quickly spread to ordinary households with the heavy advertising that said they could be eaten after waiting three minutes, and later expanded to stews, meatballs, and other dishes. Retort products can be stored for two years if they are wrapped in aluminum foil. The manufacturing date and expiration date are printed on the product bag or outer box, so use this as a guide. They can be stored at room temperature, but a cool, dark place is preferable. [Reiko Tanaka] "Understanding Retort Foods," edited by the Retort Foods Division of the Japan Canned Foods Association (1996, Maruzen) [Reference item] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
気密性のある容器に食品を充填(じゅうてん)して密封し、レトルト(高圧釜(がま))で高温殺菌を行った製品。正確にはレトルトパウチ食品という。パウチとは密封する袋(容器)のことである。日本農林規格(JAS(ジャス))では「プラスチックフィルムもしくは金属箔(はく)またはこれらを多層にあわせたものを袋状その他の形状に成型した容器(気密性および遮光性を有するものに限る)に調製した食品を詰め、熱溶解により密封し、加圧加熱殺菌したもの」と定義している。加熱するだけで調理済みの食品が食べられ、現在ではカレー、ハヤシライス、ミートソース、シチュー、ハンバーグステーキ、ミートボール、米飯類、牛丼(ぎゅうどん)、善哉(ぜんざい)などがある。 レトルト食品の一般的特徴は、 レトルトパウチ食品は1950年ごろ、アメリカで軍用に供するため缶詰にかわる加工食品として開発研究が始められたといわれている。日本では1960年代後半にレトルトのギョウザが販売されたのが始まりで、その後68年に発売されたレトルトカレーで一般化した。当時、3分間待てば食べられるという大々的な宣伝とともに、またたくまに一般家庭に浸透し、その後、シチューやミートボールなどにも拡大していった。 レトルト製品はアルミフォイルの使われているものであれば、2年間は保存できるとされている。また製品の袋または外箱には製造年月日、賞味期限が記載されているので目安にするとよい。室温で保存できるが、冷暗所が望ましい。 [田中伶子] 『日本缶詰協会レトルト食品部会編『レトルト食品を知る』(1996・丸善)』 [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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