Originally, it was derived from the ancient Greek word rhetoricē, and referred to the technique and system of oratory. It was divided into the following sections and systematized: 1. Idea (finding out the problem of the subject), 2. Arrangement (how to organize 1.), 3. Rhetoric (how to express 1. and 2. effectively), 4. Memory (memorization for oral argument), and 5. Presentation (techniques such as vocalization and gestures). These were inherited in medieval Europe and developed into language and writing techniques that clearly, appropriately, and beautifully express what one wants to say and give sentences a suitable structure. After the Renaissance, when written language became widespread, it became the narrower definition of "rhetoric" consisting of only sections 1 to 3, with particular emphasis on section 3 and elaborate techniques. However, in the modern trend toward positivist scholarship, it was considered an unnecessary subject and was absorbed into grammar. It is often used negatively as the "technique of ornamentation." In Japan, especially in verse, techniques such as pillow words, couplets, hanging words, related words, and introductory words have developed. Related articles Quintilian | Metaphor | Stylistics Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
本来は古代のギリシア語レトリケに由来し,弁論の技術とその体系をさした。1.発想(主題の問題点を探し出すこと),2.配置(1.をどのように順序立てるか),3.修辞(1.2.をいかに効果的に表現するか),4.記憶(口頭弁論のための暗記),5.発表(発声,身振りなどの技術)の部門に分かれて体系化された。これらは中世ヨーロッパに受け継がれ,言わんとすることを明確かつ適切に美しく表現し,文にふさわしい構成を与える言語・文章技術として発展した。書きことばが普及するルネサンス以降,とくに1〜3の部門のみからなる狭義の〈修辞学〉となり,とくに3.に重点がおかれ,技巧が凝らされた。しかし近代の実証主義的学問潮流のなかでは無用の学問とされ,文法論に吸収された。しばしば否定的に〈文飾の技巧〉としても使われる。日本ではとくに韻文において,枕詞(まくらことば),対句,懸詞(かけことば),縁語,序詞などの技法が発達している。 →関連項目クインティリアヌス|比喩|文体論 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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