Hatakeyama clan

(1) A powerful clan from the end of the Heian period to the beginning of the Kamakura period. Kanmu Heishi. A branch of the Chichibu clan. Shigeyoshi, the son of Shigehiro Chichibu, became the head of the Hatakeyama Manor in Musashi Province (near Kawamoto district, Fukaya City, Saitama Prefecture) and took the name of the Hatakeyama clan. He followed Minamoto no Yoshitomo and then the Heike clan. Shigenobu's son, Shigetada, submitted to Minamoto no Yoritomo and became a powerful vassal. He established a mansion in Sugaya in the same province (Arashiyama Town, Hiki County, Saitama Prefecture), but was wiped out along with his family by Hojo Tokimasa in 1205 (Genkyu 2).

(2) Shugo daimyo of the Ashikaga clan. The main line was the Kanrei family of the Muromachi Shogunate. Seiwa Genji. It was founded by Yoshizumi, the son of Ashikaga Yoshikane. Hatakeyama Shigetada's wife was the daughter of Hojo Tokimasa, and after Shigetada's death, he remarried Yoshizumi, and their son Yasukuni inherited the Hatakeyama family name. The clan was divided into several lines, and Takakuni and Kuniuji, the father and son, Kunikiyo and Yoshifuka brothers, Naoaki and Naomune, and others were active under Ashikaga Takauji and Tadayoshi. Kuniuji became the shogunate governor of Oshu together with Kira Sadaie, but was destroyed by Sadaie during the Kanno Disturbance (1349-52). Since Kuniuji's son Kuniakira, the clan has been based in Nihonmatsu, Adachi County (Nihonmatsu City, Fukushima Prefecture) and has become a feudal lord, but was pursued by Date Masamune at the end of the Sengoku period and was destroyed. Naoaki became the guardian of Hyuga but did not perform well, and Naomune became a senior vassal of Naoyoshi but was killed by Takano Moronao. Meanwhile, Kunikiyo left Naoyoshi's side and returned to Takauji's side, becoming a steward for the Kamakura kubo Ashikaga Motouji, but fell into decline. His younger brother Yoshifuka was pardoned and became Shugo of Echizen, and his son Motokuni was trusted by Ashikaga Yoshimitsu and was appointed Shugo of Ecchu, Noto, Kawachi, and Kii, and was appointed Kanrei in 1398 (Oei 5). Since Motokuni's son Mitsuie, the family had inherited the titles of Shugo of Ecchu, Kawachi, and Kii, and played an important role in the shogunate as Kanrei, but Mochikuni's biological son Yoshinari and his nephew and adopted son Masanaga fought over the family succession, which was one of the causes of the Onin War (1467-77). After that, the clan and vassals divided and their power weakened, and Takamasa joined Oda Nobunaga, but his adopted younger brother Akitaka was killed by the vassal Yusa Nobunori in 1574 (Tensho 2). The descendants of Mitsuie's younger brother Mitsuyoshi inherited the position of Noto Shugo, but at the end of the Warring States period, the clan and vassals divided and the clan was conquered by Uesugi Kenshin. The direct descendants became Kouke of the Edo Shogunate, and the descendants of the Noto Hatakeyama clan also served as vassals of the Shogunate.

[Makoto Ogawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

(1)平安末～鎌倉初期の豪族。桓武平氏(かんむへいし)。秩父(ちちぶ)氏の一族。秩父重弘(しげひろ)の子重能(しげよし)は武蔵国(むさしのくに)畠山庄(はたけやまのしょう)（埼玉県深谷(ふかや)市川本地区付近）の庄司(しょうじ)となって畠山氏を称し、源義朝(みなもとのよしとも)に、ついで平氏に従った。重能の子重忠(しげただ)は源頼朝(よりとも)に帰服して有力御家人(ごけにん)となり、同国菅谷(すがや)（埼玉県比企(ひき)郡嵐山(らんざん)町）に館(やかた)を構えたが、1205年（元久2）一族とともに北条時政(ほうじょうときまさ)に滅ぼされた。

(2)足利(あしかが)一門の守護大名。嫡流は室町幕府の管領(かんれい)家。清和源氏(せいわげんじ)。足利義兼(よしかね)の子義純(よしずみ)より興る。畠山重忠の妻は北条時政の女(むすめ)で、重忠の死後義純と再婚し、その子泰国(やすくに)は畠山氏の家名を継いだ。一族は数流に分かれ、高国(たかくに)・国氏(くにうじ)父子、国清(くにきよ)・義深(よしふか)兄弟、直顕(なおあき)・直宗(なおむね)らは足利尊氏(たかうじ)・直義(ただよし)に属して活躍した。国氏は吉良貞家(きらさだいえ)とともに奥州管領となったが、観応(かんのう)の擾乱(じょうらん)（1349～52）にあたり貞家に滅ぼされた。国氏の子国詮(くにあきら)以来安達(あだち)郡二本松（福島県二本松市）に拠(よ)り大名となったが、戦国末期伊達政宗(だてまさむね)に追われて滅亡。直顕は日向(ひゅうが)守護となったが振るわず、直宗は直義の重臣となったが高師直(こうのもろなお)に殺された。一方、国清は直義方から尊氏方に帰参し鎌倉公方(くぼう)足利基氏(もとうじ)の執事(しつじ)となったが没落した。弟義深は許されて越前(えちぜん)守護となり、その子基国(もとくに)は足利義満(よしみつ)に信任され越中(えっちゅう)、能登(のと)、河内(かわち)、紀伊の守護を兼ね、1398年（応永5）管領に登用された。基国の子満家(みついえ)以来、越中・河内・紀伊守護を世襲し管領家として幕府に重きをなしたが、持国(もちくに)の実子義就(よしなり)と甥(おい)で養子の政長(まさなが)は家督を争い、応仁(おうにん)の乱（1467～77）の一因となった。その後も一族・家臣が分争して勢力衰え、高政(たかまさ)に至り織田信長に属したが、その弟で養子の昭高(あきたか)は1574年（天正2）家臣遊佐信教(ゆさのぶのり)に殺された。満家の弟満慶(みつよし)の子孫は能登守護を世襲したが、戦国末、一族・家臣が分争して上杉謙信(うえすぎけんしん)に征服された。嫡流の子孫は江戸幕府の高家(こうけ)となり、能登畠山氏の子孫にも幕臣があった。

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